2015年职称英语考试《综合类》语法考点(9)

2015-02-06 17:28:20 字体放大:  

2015年职称英语考试《综合类》语法考点(9)

第三句型:主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语

我们知道,名词可以做主语和宾语,非谓语动词 -ing和 to do也可以做主语和宾语,

作主语:

Learning a foreign language is not easy.(学门外语并不容易。)

To learn a foreign language is not easy. (= It is not easy to learn a foreign language.)

从语法角度讲,上述两个表达方式都可以。

但是,当动词处于宾语位置时,就不能这样"随心所欲"了,因为英语语法有以下几个规定:

1)acknowledge / admit / appreciate / avoid / consider / contemplate / defer / deny / dislike / enjoy / escape / evade / excuse / facilitate / fancy / favor / feel like / finish / give up / cannot help / cannot stand / imagine / include / keep (on) / do not mind / miss / permit / practice / regret / resent / risk / suggest 等词后面的动词宾语必须用-ing 形式,重点和首先要掌握黑体字部分。由于这些次的词义与解题关系不大,没有给出具体词义解释。若需要,请学生自己查字典解决。

这是语法考试的一个重点,要对以上词特别敏感,例如:

It is impossible to avoid ______ by the stormy weather.

A. being much affected

B. having much affected

C. to be much affected

D. to have been much affected

解题思路:1)一看到avoid一词,便可确定正确答案在A、B中; 2)affect意为"影响",及物动词,故B不对。[如果做题时间来不及,此类题目若有"主动语态"和"被动语态"之分,一般选"被动语态"的正确率高些。]