语态/形式 一般式 完成式 复合结构

主动 Doing Having done One’s doing

被动 Being done Having been done

否定形式一律在其前加not

II .用途： 定语，宾语，主语，表语

做主语：动名词做主语，谓语动词用单数。

Smoking does harm to your health.

Tom’s coming made us happy.

Her not coming back made her father angry.

His being punished by the teacher is known to us.

Looking after children is her job.

Seeing is believing (前后对应)眼见为实。

Teaching is learning 教学相长。

My falling ill worried him greatly.

注意下列结构: It is no use / good / useful doing

It is no good quarrelling with them.

It is no use regretting what you have done.

2. 定语

动名词做定语表示用途。(即 ving 做定语有两个意思 1)表动作在进行 2)表用途)

a walking stick / a changing room 更衣室/ a hiding place / an operating table

a collecting tin / a weight machine / building material / drinking water / swimming pool

a washing machine / a sleeping car / a smoking room / sowing machine 播种机

booking office 售票处 / training class 训练班 /translating machine 翻译机

3.作表语，可以与主语互相转换。

His worst habit is eating too fast.

Our job is playing all kinds of instruments.

Their job is making model planes.

The real problem is getting all the materials ready before the end of the month.

The problem is his son’s having taken the other’s money.

4. 做宾语。

动名词既可以做动词宾语，也可以作介词宾语。

He has finished reading the book.

We could hear the noise of the desk’s being opened. and closed.

He came to attend the concert without being invited.

He suggested the text’s being translated into Chinese.

You should practise listening to English.

She looked forward to receiving her mother’s letter.

注意：1)有些动词或动词短语后面， 必须用动名词做宾语，而不用不定式。

enjoy , finish , mind , risk , avoid , forbid , excuse , practise , imagine , suggest , delay , miss , escape , can’t help , consider ,

be worth doing / be busy doing / give up doing / put off doing / insist on doing

keep / prevent /stop from doing feel like doing / prefer doing to doing

be afraid of / be tired of / be fond of / be proud of /succeed in

. the wounded solider escaped being killed in the fighting .

do you mind my smoking here ?

Don’t be afraid of asking for help.

The boy insisted on being severed with cake.

2)要特别注意以下几个词组

pay attention to / look forward to / devote oneself to / make contribution to

stick to / be /get used to / object to / refer to / get down to / see to ( 处理)

He objected to being treated as a child.

The scientist devoted himself to inventing this new machine.

有些动词跟to do 和doing 均可，但意思不同。

forget to do 忘记做/去做一件事 (没有做)

forget doing 忘记过去做过某事 。

I forget to close the window when I left my office.

Don’t forget to post the letter for me.

I forget meeting you in the street the other day.

remember to do 记住去做某事

remember doing 记得做过某事

please remember to close the window when you leave .

I remember having given the book to you.

regret to do 对现在要发生的事情表示遗憾，抱歉。

Regret doing 对已经发生的事情表示后悔。

I regret to say / to tell you that I can’t go with you.

He regretted having told you about it.

mean to do 打算，想要做，有做某事的意图。

Mean doing 意味着

I mean to go with you.

He didn’t mean to hurt you.

It means finishing in time.

Giving him such books to read means waste his time .

e. try to do 试图于，设法干，尽力于

try doing 试着干

The boy tried to open the door.

He tried driving a bus.

stop to do /doing

go on to do / doing

be sure to do 肯定会 ，讲会者肯定

be sure of doing 主语自己会

He is sure to come

I am sure of his coming.

H. like /hate to do

Like hate doing

Nobody likes being laughed at.

4. 注意： need, want require +doing = need, want, require to be done

The room wants cleaning / to be cleaned

The child needs looking after / to be looked after

5. 有些 介词加doing 表示时间

on /upon doing = as soon as

in doing = when /while

On hearing the news, he jumped with joy.

In working in shanghai, he made a lot of friends.

=While working in shanghai, he made a lot of friends.