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高中英语语法复习:状语从句、常用动词及搭配

编辑:sx_wangha

2012-09-14

状语从句

状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、方式、结果、条件、让步等八种。

一、时间状语从句:

引导词有after,before,as,once,since,till,until,when,whenever,while,as soon as,the moment/minute…(一…就),the time,the day,every time,next time,each time,by the time of,no sooner…than(一…就),hardly…when(一…就).例如:

Each/Every time he comes here,he will drop in on me.

每次他来这儿他都顺便看我.

He was ill last time I saw him.上次我见到他时他病了.

No sooner had she heard the news than she cried.她一听到这个消息就哭了.

[辨析]when与while

when引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的,while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的;在“be…when…”句式中when表“at that time(就在这时)”意,这样用的when不能换为while;while有时并不表示时间,而表示对比,意“而”、“却”,when无这样的用法。例如:When I got home I found the door locked./While(或When)we were working in the fields,it suddenly began to rain./He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.

[辨析]till与until

一般情况下可以互换,但until可以位于句首,till则不能。例如:

Until it stops raining,the children cant go out.雨停了,孩子们才能出去.

=Not until the rain stops can the children go out.

二、地点状语从句

引导词有where,wherever.例如:

Ill go wherever the people want me to go.(wherever=to any place where)

He works where his grandfather fought.(where=in the place where)

Where there is a will,there is a way.(Where=In the place where)

三、原因状语从句

引导词有because,since,as,now(that)(既然)

回答以why提出的问题时,只能用because,而不能用as等。

since=now(that),表“既然”意,表示已知的或明显的原因,由此加以推论。例如:

Now that/Since you are free today,you may have a rest at home or go out for a walk.

for 是一个并列连词,用来连接两个并列句,引导的句子是对前面一句话的内容的推测或补充说明。例如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet./The day has broken,for the birds are singing.(这两句中的for都不可换为because或as,since等。)

四、目的状语

引导词有so that,in order that,that,in case(免得,以防)。目的状语从句谓语常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情态动词。例如:

He ran as fast as possible in order that he could catch the bus./Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget.请明天再提醒我一下,以免我忘记。

五、方式(或比较)状语从句

引导词有as,as if,as though,than,as/so…as,the more…the more.例如:

Tom is not so/as tall as John./It looks as if it is going to rain./He runs faster than I.

注:as…as既可用于肯定句,又可用于否定句,so…as只能用于否定句。

六、结果状语从句

引导词有so…that,such…that,so that.例如:

1. He works so hard that he makes great progress in his studies.

2. Its such a difficult problem that nobody can work it out.

3. Theres not any noise here so that I feel very comfortable.

第3个例句中so that从句不是目的状语从句,从结构上看没有can,may等情态动词,从意思上看I feel very comfortalbe是Theres not any noise的结果.

七、条件状语从句

引导词有if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that,in case(如果)等,从句的时态用一般现在时(含现在完成时),一般过去时(含过去完成时)分别代替一般将来时和过去将来时。例如:

If it rains tomorrow,I wont go there./He said he would not go back home unless he had achieved a lot./Ill study so long as. Im alive./In case he come,let me know.如果他来的话,告诉我一声。

If 引导的条件句可以是真实性条件句,也可以是非真实性条件句(用于虚拟语气)

八、让步状语从句

引导词有though,although,even if,even though,as,whoever,whatever,

however,no matter+what/who/when/…等。例如:

Though/Although he is ill,he still goes to school./She started her experiment,even though she had little money./Whatever you found,you must turn it in./However hard he worked,he hardly made any progress.

as 作“尽管”意时,一般将其句中的表语放在句首,例如:Young as he is,he knows a lot.=Although he is young,he knows a lot.若表语为名词,冠词要省略,例如:

Child as/though he is,he has remembered a lot of English words.(此句中though不可换为although)

although或though不能与but同时出现在一个复合句中,但是“Although/Though…,(and)yet…”句式却是正确的。例如:

Although it is raining heavily,yet they are repairing the bridge.

状语从句考点分析

1.If you go to Xian,you will find the palaces there more magnificent than

commonly .(上海高考)

A.supposing B.supposed C.to suppose D.suppose

析:than后实际上是一个比较状语从句的省略式,其完整形式是than they are

commonly supposed.所以答案为B.

2.We wont give up we should fail ten times.(NMET)

A.even if B.since C.whether D.until

析:观察题干,空白处应填一表“即使”之意的词,故应选A.

3.-What was the party like?

-Wonderful.Its years I enjoyed myself so much.(NMET)

A.after B.when C.before D.since

析:答话者既然说“Wonderful”,那么后面的话必然是对此作进一步的补充说明,

只有选D项才能表达“我多年未曾这么开心过了”意思。注意这儿的since从

句中谓语动词enjoyed是延续动词,该句相当于I havent enjued myself so

much for years.

4.John plays football ,if not better than,David.(NMET)

A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as

析:if not better than是插入语,可将其撇开,这时空白处要填as well as才

能与David相连接,D项在此不可用(so…as只能用于否定句)。A、C两项皆少

as,故答案为B。

5.If we work with a strong will,we can overcome any difficulty, great it

is .(NMET)

A.what B.how C.however D.whatever

析:观察题目,可知空白处要填一词与great合表“无论多大”意。而however=

no matter how,与great一起正好表此意,其余项都不能表这意思。故答案为

C。

6.Mother was worried because little Alice was ill,especially Father was

away in France.(NMET)

A.as B.that C.during D.if

析:首先可以排除C,因为during是介词,不能引导从句。B项that,D项if 都

不能引导原因状语,故只能选A、as表“因为”。

7.She thought I was talking about her daughter, ,in fact I was talking

about my danughter.

A.whom B.where C.which D.while

析:空白处需填一个表示转折对比的连词,while可表“而”、“却”意,故答案为D.

8. I admit his good points I can see his bad ones.

A.when B.as C.while D.before

析:若选A、B或D,admit应改为admitted,can应改为could,因为when,as

表示“当…的时候”before表“在…之前”,通常涉及过去某时发生的动作、情

况.此题选C,while在此不表“当…的时候”意,而表“虽然、尽管”意。全

句意思是“尽管我承认他的优点,我还是看到他的缺点”。

状语从句专练

1. I get to Pairs,Ill call you up at the airport.

A.Since B.While C.Once D.Altough

2. the headmaster comes, we wont discuss this plan.

A.Unless B.If not C.Except D.Whether

3.Bill must have been away from the office. how many times I phoned

him,nobody answered it.

A.Whatever B.No matter C.In spite of D.Though

4.I had been to Beijing long you visited it.

A.before B.till C.after D.when

5. ,he is good at drawing.

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