这篇文章主要介绍了2016考研英语阅读真题模拟题，希望对你有所帮助。

The widely held assumption that people would volunteer for AIDS-tests in droves once treatment became available was wrong. 61) And the reason for that appears to be that the government has not managed to reduce the disgrace associated with AIDS， and thus with seeking out a test for it if you suspect you might be infected.

To combat this， the whole basis of AIDS testing in Botswana has just been changed. The idea is to“downgrade” the process into something low-key， routine and stigma-free. 62)Until now， a potential test subject had to opt in， by asking for a test; having asked， he was given 40 minutes of counseling to make sure he really knew what he was doing before any test was carried out. The new policy is to test people routinely when they visit the doctor. That way， having a test cannot be seen as an indication that an individual believes he may be infected. The test is not compulsory， but objectors must actively opt out. Silence is assumed to be consent， and no counseling is offered—just as would be the case for any other infectious disease.

This policy shift is probably just the first of many that will take place in Botswana， South Africa and other African countries that are planning the mass provision of anti-AIDS drugs in public hospitals. Dwain Ndwapi， a doctor at Botswana‘s largest AIDS clinic， thinks that there are circumstances in which testing should be compulsory. 63) In particular， he believes that the currently high rate of transmission from mothers to new-born children could be reduced to zero if expectant mothers were always tested—and if those who proved positive were treated with an appropriate drugs before they gave birth.

Another controversial change in the air is to reduce the frequency of two costly tests of patients‘ blood. Viral-load tests and CD4-cell counts both measure how acute an individual’s infection has become. That helps a patient‘s doctor to decide when to prescribe anti-retroviral. 64) But laboratory capacity in Africa is inadequate for regular testing of the millions of people that need such drugs—at least if the tests are carried out as frequently as they would be in a rich country. Less frequent testing of each individual would allow more individuals to be given at least some tests.

But that must be balanced against the need to treat more people faster. Doctors in Botswana are staggered at how desperately sick many patients are when they first arrive. They had expected people to walk into clinics for AIDS tests. Instead， many come in on stretchers on the verge of death. 65) Treating the very ill takes much more time and money than giving anti-AIDS pills to relatively healthy people， and it means that these people may have been unconsciously infecting others for longer. If routine tests persuade more patients to get help before they slump on a stretcher， all the better.

1. Why few people would volunteer for AIDS-test if treatment is readily prepared?

[A] Because people do not know whether they need the treatment.

[B] Because people could not afford to pay the expensive drugs.

[C] Because people are afraid to find out that they are infected.

[D] Because people cannot bear the shame the tests bring.

2. According to the text， how to “downgrade” the test process?

[A] By forcing those potential AIDS patient to take the test.

[B] by going down to the patients‘ homes to take the test.

[C] by testing patients as a regular thing in their hospital visits.

[D] by asking them whether they would like to have a test.

3. it can be inferred from the text that

[A] the new policy will be able to include every patient who visits the doctor.

[B] more policy like the new one will be carried out in a lot of African countries.

[C] the old policy is better than the new one in that it provides patients with counseling.

[D] the silence of the patient indicates his consent to any treatment that is available.