高中英语代词语法知识点总结（7）

7. 疑问代词的用法比较

(1) who 与 what 的区别：who 多指姓名、关系等，what 多指职业、地位等。如：

— Who is he?

他是谁?

— He is Jack.

他是杰克。

— What is he?

他是干什么的?

— He is a doctor.

他是个医生。

(2) who 与 which 的区别：

Who entered for the race?

谁报名参加了赛跑?(对人数未加限制)

Which of you entered for the race?

你们当中哪些人报名参加了赛跑?(对人数有限制)

(3) what 与 which 的区别：

What fruit do you like best?

你最喜欢什么水果?(不限制范围)

Which fruit do you like the best?

你最喜欢哪一种水果?(限制在一定范围内)

注意：但人们也常说：What will you have, beer or wine?(你喝什么，啤酒还是葡萄酒?)这是因为人们在一开始提问时并未想到有选择性。

6. 替代词

英语中替代词常用 it/one/that/as/so 等，其中 it、one、that 三个替代词都有其相应的复数 them/they、ones 和 those。

6.1. it 与 one

比较以下两组句子：

1. I bought a pen yesterday. But today I’ve lost it.

I lost a pencil yesterday, so today I’ve bought one.

2. I borrowed a story-book from Tina the other day. It was really interesting.

Li Fang’s reference book is very helpful. I’d like to buy another one.

很明显：it 替代上文中的同一个，而 one 只是替代上文中同一类的一个。

one 与 that

先看以下例句：

These flowers aren’t beautiful at all. Please show me another one.

I prefer a white cat to a black one.

Is a student from the country more honest than one from the city?

Is the student from the country more honest than the one from the city? that

The books in his drawer are far more interesting than the ones on the desk. those

The light of the sun is much stronger than that of the moon.

替代上文中被不定冠词修饰的名词，替代上文表泛指意义的名词，或名词只有前置定语修饰时，只能用 one/ones。

替代上文中不可数名词时，只能用 that。

替代上文中被定冠词修饰的可数名词时，one/those 可能通用，但 one(s) 前必须加定冠词 the。