编辑:sx_jixia
2016-08-15
为了能更好更全面的做好复习和迎考准备,确保将所涉及的中考考点全面复习到位,让孩子们充满信心的步入考场,现特准备了中考英语知识点梳理。
【考点直击】
1. 语法一致的原则
2. 意义一致的原则
3. 邻近一致的原则
【名师点睛】
谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓
一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
1. 语法一致的原则
(1)以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如:
He goes to school early every morning.
The children are playing outside.
To work hard is necessary for a student.
(2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
Both he and I are right.
Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom.
但并列主语如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。例如:
His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl.
The poet and writer has come.
(3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:
In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
Each man and each woman is asked to help.
(4)主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数。例如:
The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum.
Nobody but two boys was late for class.
Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.
(5) 一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。例如:
A lot of people are dancing outside.
The police are looking for lost boy.
(6)由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数。例如:
Is everybody ready?
Somebody is using the phone.
(7)有两部分构成的物体的名词,如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如:
Where are my shoes? I can’t find them.
Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them.
如果这类名词前用了a pair of等,则往往用作单数,谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如:
Here are some new pairs of shoes.
My new pair of socks is on the bed.
2. 意义一致的原则
(1)表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如:
Twenty years is not a long time.
Ten dollars is too dear.
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