◆二 可数名词(可以用数来计量)的复数

⒈ 规则变化

① 一般直接加-s .如：boy → boys cup → cups

② 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh,结尾加-es, 如：watch → watches box → boxes

③ 以“辅音字母+y ”结尾变y为i再加-es.如：story → stories baby → babies

④ 以f,fe结尾变f,fe为ves .如：knife → knives wife → wives thief → thieves

leaf → leaves scarf → scarves life → lives half → halves ﹡roof → roofs

⑤ 以o 结尾 加-s 如：radio → radios photo → photos piano → pianos

zoo → zoos

加-es 如：hero → heroes potato → potatoes tomato → tomatoes

英雄喜欢吃土豆和西红柿。

⒉ 不规则变化

① 单复数同形：sheep → sheep fish → fish Chinese → Chinese Japanese → Japanese deer → deer yuan → yuan ※dollar → dollars

② 只有复数形式：clothes glasses chopsticks goods trousers pants shorts

③ 特殊变化：child → children foot → feet tooth → teeth mouse → mice

man → men woman → women ※toothbrush → toothbrushes

④ 复合名词的复数形式：

a. 当有man和woman时，前后两部分都变成复数形式a man doctor → two men doctors

a woman teacher → three women teachers

b. 其他只变最后一个名词为复数形式 an apple tree → lots of apple trees beef and tomato noodles

◆三 不可数名词(不可以用数来计量)的计量

⒈ 可数名词表示具体的数量，可以直接用数词来修饰：two apples ten persons

⒉ 不可数名词必须与表示数量的名词连用，构成：数词+量词+of+不可数名词

a piece of bread two cups of coffee three glasses of milk four boxes of chalk five bags of rice six drops of water seven pieces of news eight pairs of glasses

◆四 名词所有格:表示名词之间的所有关系，连接两个名词

两种形式：’s所有格→Beijing is China’s capital.

of所有格→Beijing is the capital of China.