Ⅳ 主谓一致

1. 主谓一致是指谓语动词要与主语单、复数形式及人称变化相一致。主要包括三方面：形式一致、意义一致、就近原则。

2. 单数名词、不可数名词作主语，谓语用单数;复数名词作主语，谓语用复数;若主语表示单数或整体概念时，谓语应用单数。

Time is money . /  My book is new .  /  Our books are there .  /  His family isn’t very large . / His family are all music lovers .

3. 有些名词以“s”结尾，但谓用单数。(news, physics, maths, politics等)  Maths is very important to us .

4. People, police, youth, cattle等常作复数处理。  The youth are full of living .

5. 既作单数又是复数的名词，可作单、复数。(sheep, fish, deer, Chinese, Japanese…)

There is one deer / are some deer in the zoo.  /  I met a Japanese in the street . /  The Japanese I met in the street were friendly .

6. 当主语是两个名词由and 连接时，若表示一种事物或一种概念时，谓语用单数。

The teacher and writer is coming(同一个人) .  /  The teacher and the writer are coming .(不同人)

7. 有every 或each 修饰的单数名词并列时，谓语动词用单数，第二个every或each 可省略。Every boy and (every)girl has a new book.

8. 表示时间、距离、金钱或数量的复数名词，一般视为一个整体，谓语用单数。A hundred miles is a long distance .

9. 有些形容词前加定冠词构成表示一类人的名词，常用复数处理。The rich are getting richer. / The blind are sitting on the road .

10. Number, population 等词可作单数或复数，主要从意思决定。A number of books are new. / The number of books is 3,000.

The population of China is very large .  /  One third of the population here are workers.

11. 当名词后有with, together, like, but, except等介词短语时，谓语随名词的数而变。  Tom with his parents has been to Beijing twice .

12. Each和由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词，都作单数看待。Each of us has an apple.  / Somebody is using the photo.

13. What, who, which, any, more, most, all等代词可以是单、复数，主要靠意思决定。Which is your room ? / Which are your rooms ?

14. “None 或none of+名词(代词)复数”可作单、复数，若名词为不可数，则谓语只用单数。

None of the books are easy enough for us .  /  None of us has got a camera. / None of milk is good.

15.“Either, neither (+of +名(代)词复数”作主语时，通常看作单数。Neither of us has been to HongKong .  /  Either answer is wrong .

16.“many a +单数名词”或“more than one +单数名词”作主语时，谓语多用单数形式。More than one person has that kind of experience.

17.All/most/half/part/some/the rest of +不可数名词，谓语用单数。 All of meat is bad .

18.All/most/half/part/some/the rest of +可数名词复数，谓语用复数。 Some of students are absent .

19.“one of +名(代)词复数”为主时，谓语通常用单数。One of the girls is from America .

20.“a pair of +名词复数”作主语时，谓语常用单数，若pair是pairs时谓语用复数。