2015年黄南中考英语备考精选:宾语从句讲解

编辑:sx_zhaoyl

2015-05-08

威廉希尔app 整理了“2015年黄南中考英语备考精选:宾语从句讲解”,帮助广大考生中考复习,轻轻松松得高分!

一,引导词

A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句,在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用,在从句中不做句子的成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略,但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好,特别是在笔语中。

例:I told him that he was wrong.

l在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中,有时谓语尽管是否定意义,却不用否定形式,而将think 等动词变为否定形式。

例:I don’t think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)

l在许多带有复合宾语的句子中,that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面,而用it做形式宾语。

例:We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)

B,由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情况下,whether和if 可以替换。

例:I don’t know if/whether he will come tomorrow.

The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.

l在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导

例:Everything depends on whether we have enough money。

l宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.

例:I don’t know whether the movie star will come or not.

l和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.

例:Whether to go there or not hasn’t been decided.

C,由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose, what, which,和连接副词when, where, why, how 等连接的宾语从句,它们在句中即有连接从句的作用,又在句中充当句子的成分。

例:Do you know which film they are talking about? (which做定语)

I don’t know where he lives. (where 做地点状语)

二,宾语从句的语序,

宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序,既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分

例:I believe that they will come soon.

He asked me whether I was a teacher.

They wanted to know what they can do for us.

二,宾语从句的时态。

宾语从句的时态受主句的限制,

既:主句是一般现在时态,从句根据实际情况而定。

主句是一般过去时态,从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前,则从句要用过去完成时态。

例:

1)She says that she is a student.

She said that she was a student.

2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.

She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.

3)She says that she has finished her homework already.

She said that she had finished her homework already.

4)She says that she can sing a song in English.

She said that she could sing a song in English.

l如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时,这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。

例:The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.

He told me that Japan is an island country.

lCould you tell me…是用来征询对方的意见,语气委婉,并不表示过去。

例:Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum?

注意事项:

u由陈述句变成宾语从句时,要注意人称的变化。

例:She said: “I have been to England before.”

She said that she had been to England before.

She asked me: “Do you like maths?”

She asked me if I liked maths.

u宾语从句与简单句的交换。

由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句,如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时,可以用“疑问词+不定式

”做宾语的简单句结构。

例:I don’t know what I should do next.

I con’t know what to do next.

He didn’t know where he would live.

He didn’t know where to live.

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