2012年跟单员考试辅导：UCP电讯传输的和预先通知的信用证和修改
编者按：威廉希尔app 站点为广大考生第一时间发布考试资讯。
电讯传输的和预先通知的信用证和修改
a.以经证实的电讯方式发出的信用证或信用证修改即被视为有效的用证或修改文据，任何后续的邮寄确认书应被不予理会。
如电讯声明"详情后告"(或类似用语)或声明以邮寄确认书为有效信用证或修改，则该电讯不被视为有效信用证或修改。开证行必须随即不迟延地开立有效信用证或修改，其条款不得与该电讯矛盾。
b.开证行只有在准备开立有效信用证或作出有效修改时，才可以发出关于开立或修改信用证的初步通知 (预先通知)。开证行作出该预先通知，即不可撤销地保证不迟延地开立或修改信用证，且其条款不能与预先通知相矛盾。
Teletransmitted and Pre-Advised Credits and Amendments
a. An authenticated teletransmission of a credit or amendment will be deemed to be the operative credit or amendment, and any subsequent mail confirmation shall be disregarded.
If a teletransmission states "full details to follow" (or words of similar effect), or states that the mail confirmation is to be the operative credit or amendment, then the teletransmission will not be deemed to be the operative credit or amendment. The issuing bank must then issue the operative credit or amendment without delay in terms not inconsistent with the teletransmission.
b. A preliminary advice of the issuance of a credit or amendment (“pre-advice”) shall only be sent if the issuing bank is prepared to issue the operative credit or amendment. An issuing bank that sends a pre-advice is irrevocably committed to issue the operative credit or amendment, without delay, in terms not inconsistent with the pre-advice.
指定
a.除非指定银行为保兑行，对于承付或议付的授权并不赋予指定银行承付或议付的义务，除非该指定银行明确表示同意并且告知受益人。
b.开证行指定一银行承兑汇票或做出延期付款承诺，即为授权该指定银行预付或购买其已其已承兑的汇票或已做出的延期付款承诺。
c.非保兑行的指定银行收到或审核并转递单据的行为并不使其承担承付或议付的责任，也不构成其承付或议付的行为。
Nomination
a. Unless a nominated bank is the confirming bank, an authorization to honour or negotiate does not impose any obligation on that nominated bank to honour or negotiate, except when expressly agreed to by that nominated bank and so communicated to the beneficiary.
b. By nominating a bank to accept a draft or incur a deferred payment undertaking, an issuing bank authorizes that nominated bank to prepay or purchase a draft accepted or a deferred payment undertaking incurred by that nominated bank.
c. Receipt or examination and forwarding of documents by a nominated bank that is not a confirming bank does not make that nominated bank liable to honour or negotiate, nor does it constitute honour or negotiation.
银行之间的偿付安排
a.如果信用证规定指定银行(“索偿行”)向另一方(“偿付行”)获取偿付时，必须同时规定该偿付是否按信用证开立时有效的ICC银行间偿付规则进行。
b.如果信用证没有规定偿付遵守ICC银行间偿付规则，则按照以下规定：
i.开证行必须给予偿付行有关偿付的援权，授权应符合信用证关于兑用方式的规定，且不应设定截止日。
ii.开证行不应要求索偿行向偿付行提供与信用证条款相符的证明。
iii.如果偿付行未按信用证条款见索即偿，开证行将承担利息损失以及产生的任何其他费用。
iv.偿付行的费用应由开证行承担。然而，如果此项费用由受益人承担，开证行有责任有信用证及偿付授权中注明。如果偿付行的费用由受益人承担，该费用应在偿付时从付给索偿行的金额中扣取。如果偿付未发生，偿付行的费用仍由开证行负担。
c.如果偿付行未能见索即偿，开证行不能免除偿付责任。
Bank-to-Bank Reimbursement Arrangements
a. If a credit states that reimbursement is to be obtained by a nominated bank ("claiming bank") claiming on another party ("reimbursing bank"), the credit must state if the reimbursement is subject to the ICC rules for bank-to-bank reimbursements in effect on the date of issuance of the credit.
b. If a credit does not state that reimbursement is subject to the ICC rules for bank-to-bank reimbursements, the following apply:
i. An issuing bank must provide a reimbursing bank with a reimbursement authorization that conforms with the availability stated in the credit. The reimbursement authorization should not be subject to an expiry date.
ii. A claiming bank shall not be required to supply a reimbursing bank with a certificate of compliance with the terms and conditions of the credit.
iii. An issuing bank will be responsible for any loss of interest, together with any expenses incurred, if reimbursement is not provided on first demand by a reimbursing bank in accordance with the terms and conditions of the credit.
iv. A reimbursing bank''s charges are for the account of the issuing bank. However, if the charges are for the account of the beneficiary, it is the responsibility of an issuing bank to so indicate in the credit and in the reimbursement authorization. If a reimbursing bank''s charges are for the account of the beneficiary, they shall be deducted from the amount due to a claiming bank when reimbursement is made. If no reimbursement is made, the reimbursing bank''s charges remain the obligation of the issuing bank.
c. An issuing bank is not relieved of any of its obligations to provide reimbursement if reimbursement is not made by a reimbursing bank on first demand.
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