1. litigationn. process of going to law; lawsuit 打官司，诉讼
eg: The lawyer has prepared for litigation.
2. magistrate n. a civil officer with power to a administer and enforce law 地方行政官，有权执法和实施法律的公务员
eg; I find but only two sorts of writings which the magistrate cared to take notice of: those either blasphemous and atheistical, or libelous.
我发现这些地方官员们只关心两种文字：那些无神论者亵渎神明的或者是中伤他人作品的。
3. affidavitn. a written declaration made under oath before a notary public or other authorized officers. 宣誓书，在公证人或其他裁判官员面前经宣誓而立下的书面声明
eg: You must make an affidavit when you give witness on behalf of the accused person.
必背搭配： make an affidavit; swear an affidavit; take an affidavit
4. loophole
n. ①an ambiguity that makes it possible to evade a difficulty or obligation
漏洞，逃避困难的一个办法，逃避遵守的方法
eg: Don’t try to find loophole in the law.
②a small hole in a fortified wall; for observation or discharging weapons
枪眼，墙上的小洞或小缝，尤指通过其可以进行观察和射击的
eg: The soldiers fired at the enemies through the loopholes.