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Direction: In this section there are seven passages followed by ten questions or unfinished statements. Skim or scan the passages as required and then mark your answers on your answer sheet.
TEXT E
First read the following questions.
81. This passage is mainly about ______.
A. how to solve muscle loss problems on the ground
B. how to solve bone loss problems on the ground
C. how to solve bone loss problems during Space flights
D. how to solve the bone decomposition problems
正确答案是
82. After a long period in Space, the astronauts suffer all of the problems except ______.
A. the muscle loss
B. the weakening of the heart
C. the weightlessness
D. the bone loss
正确答案是
Now skim the passage below and answer the questions.
The loss measured in the animals after only two weeks in Space was an alarming 40 percent. This loss was principally in the weight-bearing and postural muscles of the back and legs which, in normal conditions, keep the body standing. A similar weakening of the heart muscle could make it impossible to return to Earth after a long period in Space.
During Space flights, astronauts follow vigorous exercise regimes to try and prevent bone and muscle loss. This seems to work well on muscles but is not successful at stopping bone loss. The US/Soviet experimenters think that weightlessness in Space cuts off the growth hormones that usually stimulate bone formation to balance the bone decomposition that takes place all the time. They are confident of finding a solution to bone loss. This would not only make long duration Space flights possible but would also help solve problems on the ground, such as osteoporosis or bone loss common in older women.
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