在英语日益重要的今天，考证热也此起彼伏。为帮助同学轻松考专四，特收集以下阅读翻译：
1. His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but his definition of racial prejudice as “ racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition,” can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.
2. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of and so was crucial in sustaining — the Black heritage of folklore, music, and religious expression from one generation to another, a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.
3. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on , is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.
4. There are several steps that can be taken, of which the chief one is to demand of all the organizations that exist with the declared objectives of safeguarding the interests of animals that they should declare clearly where they stand on violence towards people.
5. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types, however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits.
1、对于针对美国黑人的种族歧视，他的理论相对成立得较好，可是他将种族成见如斯界说：“在某一特定区域内的种族竞争中被普遍接管的一个种族所受到的基于种族的负面成见。”可以看作也包含有对象加州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人等少数平易近族的仇视。
2、加特曼确凿地声名黑人家庭的不变鼓舞激励了黑人文化遗产的传递和维护，这些遗产搜罗从一代传到另一代的平易近间传说，音乐，和宗教表述，这些遗产使非洲和美洲的奴隶们特色显著。
3、即使社会系统的平易近间常识中像挣钱，破耗，组织，婚嫁，政治勾当的介入，以及战斗等等，都与从社会科学中衍生出来加倍邃密的社会系统描述相差不多，尽管它是成立在一个不太完美的小我经验上的模子。
4、有几项法子可以采纳，其中首要的是要所有公布揭晓以呵护动物益处为方针的组织都明晰公布揭晓他们对于人类所受到的暴力袭击表决判定的立场、
5、用其他体例来账亟获经类型的细微分歧也是可能的，然而，要证实脉冲质量和传导受到这些分歧的影响还缺乏证据，看起来这些分歧影响的是神经单元的成长形成体例。