在英语日益重要的今天，考证热也此起彼伏。为帮助同学轻松考专四，特收集以下阅读翻译：
111. Great comic artists assume that truth may bear all lights, and thus they seek to accentuate( 强调) contradictions in social action, not gloss over or transcend them by appeals to extrasocial symbols of divine ends, cosmic purpose, or laws of nature.
大喜剧家们认为真理需要各类启迪，是以他们起头强调社会勾当中的各类矛盾，而不是掩饰或者经由过程非社会象征的神圣终局和喜剧目的、自然纪律来超越它。
112. The hydrologic(水文地质的) cycle, a major topic in this science, is the complete cycle of phenomena through which water passes, beginning as atmospheric water vapor, passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation (降水量)), thence along and into the ground surface, and finally again returning to the form of atmospheric water vapor by means of evaporation and transpiration(披发).
水文地质轮回是这一科学琅缦沔的一个主要课题，它是水的完全轮回过程。这一过程洪流蒸汽起头中，以降水量的形式成为液态或者固态水，这样就到了地表，最后又经由过程蒸发或者披发体例回到水蒸汽的状况。
113. My point is that its central consciousness—its profound understanding of class and gender as shaping influences on people’s lives—owes much to that earlier literary heritage, a heritage that, in general, has not been sufficiently valued by most contemporary literary critics.
我认为它的关头意识——它对于阶级和性的深远理解对人们的糊口有着主要影响——很大水平上归功于文化遗产，总的来说，今世的身手攻讦家并未对此给以足够评价。
114. In the early 1950’s historians who studies preindustrial Europe (which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800) began, for the first time in large numbers, to investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite (精髓) : the kings, generals, judges, nobles, bishops, and local magnates (要人) who had hitherto (迄今) usually filled history books.
早在20世纪50年月，良多研究前工业时代欧洲(我们可将其粗略界说为1300年至1800年间的欧洲)的历史学家们起头研究更多的欧洲人群，而不仅仅局在只占进口总数2%到3%的那些至今还充溢着历史书籍的政治、社会、精英人物：国王、快要、法官、贵族主教和处所要人。
115. The historian Frederick J. Tuner wrote in the 1890’s that the agrarian(农人) discontent (不满) that had been developing steadily in the United States since about 1870 had been precipitated (加速) by the closing of the internal frontier—that is , the depletion (枯竭) of available new land needed for further expansion of the American farming system.
历史学家Frederick J Tuner在19世纪90年月写道：自1870年以来美国农人的不满一向在迟缓增添，直到1870年封锁了内部前沿往后就被加速了——就是说，用于扩张农业系统的新土地资本已经枯竭了。