2015职称英语考试《卫生类》概括大意常考文章(6)
Parkinson’s Disease
1 Parkinson’s disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. It lets your muscles move smoothly and do what you want them to do. When you have Parkinson’s, these nerve cells break down. Then you no longer have enough dopamine, and you have trouble moving the way you want to.
2 No one knows for sure what makes these nerve cells break down. But scientists are doing a lot of research to look for the answer. They are studying many possible causes, including agin g and poisons in the environment. Abnormal genes seem to lead to Parkinson’s disease in some people. But so far, there is not enough proof to show that it is always inherited.
3 tremor may be the first symptom you notice. It is one of the most common signs of the disease, although not everyone has it. More importantly, not everyone with a tremor has Parkinson’s disease. Tremor often starts in just one arm or leg or only on one side of the body. It may be worse when you are awake but not moving the affected arm or leg. It may get better when you move the limb or you are asleep. In time, Parkinson’s affects muscles all through your body, so it can lead to problems like trouble swallowing or constipation. In the later stages of the disease, a person with Parkinson’s may have a fixed or blank expression, trouble speaking, and other problems. Some people also have a decrease in mental skills ( dementia).
4 At this time, there is no cure for Parkinson’s disease. But there are several types of medicines that can control the symptoms and make the disease easier to live with. You may not even need treatment if your symptoms are mild. Your doctor may wait to prescribe medicines unntil your symptoms start to get in the way of your daily life. Your doctor will adjust your medicines as your symptoms get worse. You may need to take several medicines to get the best results.
23. Paragraph I_____________ .
24. Paragraph 2 _____________.
25. Paragraph 3_____________ .
26. Paragraph 4 _____________.
A. Tips for Patients with the Disease
B. Common Treatment for the Disease
C. Means of Diagnosis of the Disease
D. Typical Symptoms of the Disease
E. Possible Causes of the Disease
F. Definition of Parkinson’s Disease
27. You’II find it hard to move the way you want to_____________ .
28. A lot of research is being done to find out_____________.
29. One of the most common signs of Parkinson’s is tremor_____________.
30. A person with Parkinson’s has to learn to live with the disease,_____________.
A. if there isn’t enough dopamine m your body
B. what affects muscles all through your body
C. which cannot be cured yet
D. if you have a fixed or blank expression
E. which may be the first symptom you notice
F. what causes Parkinson’s disease
答案和解析
23.F. 第一段的大意即：什么是帕金森综合征?因此选F。
24.E. 第二段的大意即：什么原因导致帕金森症?因此选E。
25.D. 第三段的大意即：帕金森综合征的典型症状是什么?因此选D。
26.B. 第四段的大意即：如何治疗帕金森症?因此选B。
27.A. 如果你的体内没有足够多的多巴胺，那么你会发现活动起来有困难。根据第一段最后一句：Then you no longer have enough dopamine，and you have trouble moving the way you want to.因此选A。
28.F. 人们正在进行大量的研究来发现导致帕金森综合征的原因。根据第二段前三句话及后面提到的aging，poisons in environment等可推断应选F。
29.E. 帕金森症最主要的一个症状就是颤抖，颤抖也可能是你注意到的最初症状。根据是第三段的第一句话：Tremor may be the first symptom you notice.可知E正确。
30.C. 得了帕金森症的病人必须要学会适应这种疾病，因为这还是一种不治之症。根据文章第四段第一句：At this time，there is no cure for Parkinson’s disease.可知应选C。
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