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托福听力备考：解析IBT主旨题
托福IBT听力主旨题考查把握谈话或演讲的主要内容的能力。主旨，是一个谈话或演讲的主要内容的综合概括。换一句话说，一段谈话或演讲的主旨是谈话人认为最为核心的内容。下面，新东方网托福频道为您整理托福IBT听力主旨题答题技巧，希望对您有所帮助。
IBT听力主旨题特点：
在一段长演讲中，通常会有两个或以上的主要表述内容，但这些内容往往是相互关联的，它们互相补充构成一个完整的主题。
出题模式：
IBT听力主旨题的问题常常以特殊疑问词开头，例如：
What does announcement mainly about?
A: A parking garage closure in holidays.
B: Problems in the school’s garage.
C: Student activities on holidays.
D: Holiday emergency measures.
What is the subject of the conversation?
What aspect of ___does the professor mainly discuss?
What problem does the man have?
What are the man and the woman discussing?
What is the topic of the discussion?
What is the woman’s problem?
What is the lecture mainly about?
解题技巧：
在做IBT主旨题的时候一定要尽量把握文章的整体思路，可以从以下几个方面来进行：
1、记住谈话人语气加重所强调的人，事物或概念。
2、努力把握谈话或演讲中的关键词或短语。尤其要关注谈话人不止一次提到的词或短语。
3、从宏观上把握谈话或演讲的内容，提炼出讲话的主题。
举例说明：
Narrator: Listen to a campus announcement and answer the question.
M: The East Campus Garage will be closed during the Holiday break from Thursday, December 22, 2005, 10:30 p.m. through Monday, January 2, 2005, 11:30 p.m. Please be certain to make the necessary arrangements to have your vehicle out of the garage before it closes. If you have left your vehicle in the garage after closing, please contact University Police at 8---2323, so you may exit the garage. There will be no admittance into the garage after closing. The parking office will be closed through January 2nd. Urgent messages left in voice mail or sent to the parking email account will be periodically monitored and responded to on December 27---29. All non---urgent matters will be addressed when the office re-opens on January 3, 2006. The parking gates on campus are lifted during this period and parking is available in all surface parking gates on camps are lifted during this period and parking is available in all surface parking lots except Wean and Warner Hall. Thank you for your cooperation and have a safe and happy holiday!
What does announcement mainly about?
A: A parking garage closure in holidays.
B: Problems in the school’s garage.
C: Student activities on holidays.
D: Holiday emergency measures.
解析：
1. 先总体把握材料提供的内容，讲的是这样的一件事：The East Campus Garage will be closed during the Holiday break from Thursday, December 22, 2005, 10:30 p.m. through Monday, January 2, 2005, 11:30 p.m.
2. 通过对材料的分析，可以了解到A为正确的答案。
3. B: Problems in the school’s garage. 答案过于精确。
4. C: Student activities on holidays. 过于笼统，不正确。
5. D: Holiday emergency measures. 过于笼统，不正确。
所以正确答案为A。
总之，在做IBT听力主旨题的时候, 要把握住重点。排除过于笼统的答案，所表示的内容与谈话或演讲的核心主题脱节;和过于精确的答案，即据之一而非讲述主体。还要切记排除一些似是而非的答案和在上下文中并未被谈话人提及的答案。把握住这些要领，相信攻克IBT听力主旨题不再是一件难事。