2013年翻译经验与技巧——英译汉常用的方法和技巧(一)。威廉希尔app 口译笔译站为您翻译资格考试保驾护航。
第一节词义的选择、引申和褒贬
一词多义（Polysemy）
regular
regularreading/regularjob/regularflight/regularvisitor/regularspeed/regulararmy/gasoline
delicate
delicateskin/porcelain/upbringing/living/health/stomach/vase/diplomaticquestion/difference/surgicaloperation/earformusic/senseofsmell/touch/food
注意有线词的词义
Heonceagainimpartedtoushisgreatknowledge,experienceandwisdom.
Henowsawplainlythemeaningofall.Inthebeginning,hehadgotajobthefirstday;butnowhewassecond-hand,adamagedarticle,andtheydidnotwanthim.Theyhadgotthebestoutofhim,andnowtheyhadthrownhimaway.Thesituationhadnowbecomedesperate.Thencameanotherincident.
词义的引申(ExtensionorGeneralization)
1)Extendthewordmeaningtocoveranabstractionconcept
Hisnovelisamirrorofthetimes.
TheOEDisthefinalcourtofappealinallmattersconcerningEnglishwords.
Samknowshecandependonhisfamily,rainorshine.
2)Extendthewordmeaningtocoveraspecificconcept
Intwoyears,hewasanationalphenomenon.
Publicopinionisdemandingmoreandmorethatsomethingbedoneaboutnoise.
Mary’sfather,byhisfirstmarriage,hadadaughter,Jane,Mary’shalf-sister.
词义的褒贬(CommendatoryandDerogatory)
Therecklessdriverdiedinthetrafficaccident.
PoorJoe’spaniclastedfortwoorthreedays;duringwhichhedidnotvisitthehouse.
Itwastimetoholdacourtandthesubjectfordiscussionwasthefutureofthatprisoner.
Johnwasanaggressivesalesmanwhodidhisjobquitewell.
Theinvadersmetastubbornresistancefromthelocalpeople.
Shewasvexedbythepersistentringingofthephone.
Exercises
Ihavenoopinionofthatsortofman.
Sheputfivedollarsintomyhand.“Youhavebeenagreatmantoday.”
I’mafraidyou’rebeingtooparticularaboutyourfood.
Iwastheyoungestson,andtheyoungestbuttwo.
Thepictureflatteredher.
Thecountrynotagreeingwithher,shereturnedtoEngland.