A) Imposing tariffs on foreign goods.
B) Lowering the price of domestic goods.
C) Reducing the number of imported goods.
D) Improving the quality of domestic goods.
3. Some countries are able to do business more freely with each other, if they ________.
A) contribute more to international trade
B) establish a good relation with each other
C) make trade agreements in favor of both sides
D) keep the balance between imports and exports
4. How much does the customs agency check if the goods imported or exported are huge in volume?
A) Almost a half
B) Certain percetage
C)About 80 percent
D) All shipments
5. Some countries allow individual travelers to bring home a reasonable amount of goods by ________.
A) imposing some tariffs
B) restricting the variety
C) controlling the value
D) exempting the tariffs
6. After many years of experience, some customs agencies base their selection and inspection of travelers only on ________.
A) their intuition
B) random chance
C) careful examination
D)computerized systems
7. Most customs agencies try to stop importing plants and animals mainly because they ________.
A) may threate national security
B) ca't adapt to new environment
C) are far from satisfactory in quality
D) are more constly than domestic ones
8. Some items are considered illegal because they come from a enemy country or one that is imposed on_________________.
9. By paying close attention to the cultural artifacts coming in or out of a country, customs agencies can help the artifacts going back to ____________.
10. In some countries, such goods as ivory and dog or cat furs are forbidden to import because of ___________.
文章梗概：
本文主要介绍了国家设立海关的目的和海关重点检查的一些物品。文章首先指出了海关的基本职责是对进出该国的物品施行管制，然后指出关税对国家的重要意义。此后，本文分别介绍了海关对于大宗货物和个体旅行者的检查方法。接下来文章依次介绍了被海关列为违禁品的商品。
答案解析：
1. 由题干关键词the most fundamental goal of a nation's customs定位至第二段第二句At its most basic level, its purpose is to regulate what comes into and goes out of a country. 该句指出：从最基本的层面讲，一个国家设立海关的目的应该是管制进出该国的物品。因此D)"控制进出口货物"为答案。这里的regulate意为"控制，管理".
2. 由题干关键词favor domestic goods定位至第三段末句To tilt the balance in favor domestic business, governments impose tariffs, also called duty, on foreign goods coming into the country. 该句指出：为了向国内贸易倾斜，政府采取了对进口货物征收关税的政策。故A)为正确答案。这里的tilt意为"倾斜，倾倒".
3. 由题干关键词do business more freely定位至第四段倒数第二句Certain countries may join together to work out mutually beneficial trade agreements, enabling business in those nations to trade more freely …. 这句的主要意思是：有些国家联合起来制定互利贸易协定，这就使他们之间的贸易往来更为顺畅。因此答案为C)。
4. 由题干关键词huge in volume定位至第六段第三句They can't check every bit of foreign cargo, of course, so agents pick certain boxes to inspect and certain shipments to scrutinize. 当然，他们不可能对每一件货物都进行检查，所以海关工作人员只选出某些集装箱或者某艘货轮进行仔细检查。由此可知答案为B)。
5. 由题干关键词individual travelers和bring home定位至第七段第三句In the United States and many other countries, the customs agency grants each traveler a nominal duty exemption to allow them to bring back a reasonable amount of goods without having to pay tariffs. 在美国和其他许多国家，海关准许个人旅游者携带符合规定数量的货物过关，并免除他们的关税。因此D)与文中表述相符。
6. 由题干关键词many years of experience定位至第九段第四句Other customs agencies decide who to search based solely on intuition.而紧接下来的一句就是对intuition的进一步说明:After many years on the job, a customs agent develops a keen eye for people who are up to no good. 多年的工作经验使海关工作人员仅凭直觉就可决定搜查对象。因此A)为正确答案。
7. 由题干关键词plants and animals定位至第十一段第三、四句In most countries, the importation of fruits…is heavily regulated due to the fear of disease or ecological imbalance. While it may seem strange that a piece of fruit is considered a threat to national security….大多数国家都严格控制肉类、水果和动植物的进口，因为它们可能携带病毒或破坏生态平衡，进而威胁国家安全。故答案为A)。
8. 由题干关键词an enemy country定位至第十二段第二句If country A is considered to be a national enemy of country B, or has a record of violating international law, country B (and other countries) might institute an embargo against that country. 如果甲国被乙国当作敌国，或者甲国有违反国际法的纪录，乙国或者其他国家可能对甲国实施禁运。题干中的imposed on是对句中institute的解释，故答案为an embargo.
9. 由题干关键词cultural artifacts定位到倒数第三段, 再由help the artifacts going back定位至最后一句Customs agencies have helped to restore many priceless artifacts to their rightful owners. 海关已经帮助把许多无价的工艺品归还给了它们合法的主人。划线处即为答案。
10. 由题干关键词ivory and dog or cat furs定位至倒数第二段第二句, 句首的For example显然说明本句是对前面一句的例证，那么这些货物被禁止的原因就应该是A country's government might also ban importation of items based on ethics and morality. 一个国家的政府还可能根据伦理和道德原则禁止某些物品的进口。划线处即为答案。