2013英语四级语法:直接引语变间接引语的变化

2013-04-02 15:04:54 字体放大:  

【摘要】:2013四级考试进入了最后的冲刺阶段,语法的知识点是难点和重点,以下是威廉希尔app 特为考生们整理了直接引语变间接引语的变化,希望能给广大考生们在复习中作出一点贡献。预祝考生们通过考试!

1. 时态的变化

直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句为过去时态,变为间接引语的宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个,即:一般现在时变为一般过去时,一般将来时变为过去将来时,现在进行时变为过去进行时,现在完成时变为过去完成时,一般过去时也变为过去完成时,等等(若直接引语为过去完成时,变为间接引语可以不变)。另外,若直接引语中有情态动词can, may等,也应变成过去式could, might等(情态动词must可以变为had to,也可不变,should, ought to, had better 等可以不变):

“I want to stay here.” he said. 他说:“我想留在这儿。”

→He said that he wanted to stay there. 他说他想留在那儿。

She said, “It’s raining very hard.” 他说:“雨下得很大。”

→He said that it was raining very hard. 他说雨下得很大。

Jim said, “I can speak Chinese.” 吉姆说:“我会讲汉语。”

→Jim said that he could speak Chinese. 吉姆说他会讲汉语

(1) 若直接引语为客观真理,则变为间接引语时时态不变:

He said, “The sun rises in the east.” 他说:“太阳从东方升起。”

→He said that the sun rises in the east. 他说太阳从东方升起。

(2) 有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语,变为间接引语时时态也可不变:

He said, “ was born in 1988.” 说:“我是1988年生的。”

→He said that he was born in 1988. 他说他是1988年生的。

2. 时间状语的变化

直接引语变间接引语时,有些时间状语根据情况也要相应的改动:如将now改为then,将today 改为that day,将tonight改为that night,将yesterday改为the day before,将this month改为that month,将last week改为the week before,将three years ago改为three years before,将tomorrow改为the next day,将next year改为the next year,等等:

He said, “I’m very busy now.” 他说:“我现在很忙。”

→He said that he was very busy then. 他说他当时很忙。

He said, “I want to leave today.” 他说:“他想今天离开。”

→He said that he wanted to leave that day. 他说他想那天就离开。

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