1. quality n. something typical of a person or material质量(不可数);品质，性质(可数);才能(可数)

Quality is more than quantity.

质量比数量重要。

This new model is of high quality and is not expensive either.

这种新型号质量非常好, 而且也不贵。

2. willing adj. ready (to do sth. )愿意帮助的;乐于……的

Are you willing to help?

你愿意帮忙吗?

I’m willing to concede that I have hurt her, but that’s not my real intention.

我可以承认我是伤害了她, 但那并不是我的本意。

3. active adj. able or ready to take action 积极的;能起作用的

He is an active member of the club.

他是俱乐部的积极分子。

She is very active in school activities.

她积极参加学校的各种活动。

4. lose heart v. to become discouraged; to feel hopeless灰心;泄气;丧失信心

Don’t lose heart; you still have more chances.

别灰心，你还有更多的机会。

lose one’s heart to爱上, 喜欢

at heart从内心来说

heart and soul全心全意

break one’s heart心碎

put one’s heart into把全部心思放在

learn/know by heart记熟

5. in trouble in a situation that involves danger, punishment, pain, worry, etc. 有麻烦;处于困境中

The boy caused a lot of trouble to his parents; he was always in trouble.

这个男孩给他的父母招来很多麻烦，他甚为苦恼。

ask for/look for trouble找麻烦

make trouble制造麻烦

take trouble to do sth. 费心做某事

get into trouble遇到麻烦

have trouble (in)doing sth. 做某事有困难

save/spare trouble省事

Complete the following sentences.

1)He never comes except when he is______________ (有麻烦).

2)Don’t imagine that you’re the only person______________ (不幸).

3)The boy______________ (出事了)when he left home to live in London.

4)That’s none of your business. Please don’t______________ (找麻烦)

5)Students growing up from nursery school to college______________ (有困难)dealing with realities.

答案：

1)in trouble　2)in trouble　3)got into trouble

4)ask for/look for trouble?5)have trouble

6. fight vi. & vt. (fought, fought)struggle打仗;战斗;斗争

He and his wife are always fighting about who will take after the children.

他与他妻子总是在为由谁来照看孩子而吵架。

The boxer has fought many opponents.

这名拳击手已与许多对手交锋。

fight+n. 与……作战/打架

fight for为了……而战

fight against与……作战/斗争

fight with与……作战;与……并肩作战

fight about/over因……而争吵/打斗

fight back反击，还击;克制，忍住

fight a battle战斗

fight a fire救火

fight one’s way打/挤/杀出一条路

Complete the following sentences.

1)They told the workers to______________ their rights.

2)We will have to______________ difficulties.

3)If the enemy comes, we’ll______________　.

4)We had to______________ through the crowded streets.

答案：

1)fight for　2)fight against　3)fight back　4)fight our way

7. in prison在狱中;在坐牢

He was in prison for ten years.

他在狱中待了10年/他坐了十年牢。

go to prison入狱

put/sb. in prison把某人投入监狱

send sb. to prison把某人投入监狱

throw sb. into prison把某人投入监狱

be taken/sent to prison被关进监狱

Note：以上短语prison前不带冠词，若表示在监狱工作或去办事则需加冠词。

8. advise vt. give advice to sb. ; recommend 劝告，忠告;建议

The doctor advised (me to take)more exercise.

医生嘱咐我多加锻炼。

She advises the government on economic affairs.

她向政府提出经济方面的建议。

We advised that they should start early/them to start early.

我们建议他们及早开始。

Can you advise (me)what to do next?

你看(我)下一步怎么办?

advise+n.

advise sb. to do

advise doing. . .

advise sb. on sth.

advise+wh-+to do

advise+that. . . (should))+do. . .

1)We are often advised______________ notes in class, but few do so.

A. taking? B. take? C. to take? D. took

2)My sister advised me that I______________ accept the job.

A. would? B. might? C. could? D. should

3)The old man often advised the young workers on______________ the machine and they learned quickly.

A. to operate? B. how operate? C. how operating? D. how to operate

4)I advised______________ until the right time but they wouldn’t listen.

A. to wait? B. waiting? C. waited? D. on wait

答案：

1)C　2)D　3)D　4)B

9. continue vt. & vi. (cause sth. to)go or move further继续;延续

They decided to continue their research.

他们决定继续他们的研究。

The fighting continued for a week.

这场战斗持续了一星期。

After that they continued to fight for their equal rights.

从那以后，他们继续为争取平等权利而斗争。

Anne continued setting down how she felt in her diary.

安妮继续在日记中记下她的感受。

Although he is over 90, he______________ very healthy.

A. goes on?B. keeps on?C. carries on?D. continues

答案：D

10. accept vt. take (sth. offered)willingly接受

Tom accepted a present from his friend.

汤姆接受了朋友的礼物。

Please accept my apologies.

请接受我的歉意。

receive & accept:

receive表示客观上的收到，不涉及主观上接受与否;accept表示主观上愿意接受。

I’ve received a gift from him, but I’m not going to accept it.

我收到了他送的礼物，但是我不准备接受。

11. choose vt. (chose, chosen)pick out or select; decide选择，挑选，选取;选定

Who did you choose as the new member of the construction committee?

你选谁当建设委员会的新委员?

After a little time, she chose one of the most expensive dresses in the shop.

过了一会儿，她选定了店里最贵重的一件衣服。

She chose to study chemistry.

她选择了学化学。

choose + n. ?选中;选定

choose from/between?从……选择

choose sb. as/for?选某人当……

choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. ?为某人选某物

cannot choose. . . but to do. . . ?只好做……

1)Some people say that they______________ to live in the countryside.

A. enjoy? B. feel like? C. choose? D. don’t

2)No doubt her husband could have told her, but he didn’t______________　.

A. choose? B. choose to? C. choose from? D. choose to do

3)There are five pairs______________　, but I’m at a loss which to buy.

A. to be chosen

B. to choose from

C. to choose

D. for choosing

答案：1)C　2)B　3)B

→Step 5 Sentence focus

1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 第一次见到纳尔逊•曼德拉的时候是在我一生中非常艰难的时期。

句子中的when I first met Nelson Mandela是定语从句，修饰先行词the time。

I shall never forget the day when we first visited the beautiful island.

我永远也忘不了第一次参观那美丽小岛的日子。

He came at a time when we were badly in need of help.

正当我们急需帮助的时候，他来了。

2. The school where I studied only two years was three kilometers away. 我仅仅在那里读了两年的学校，有三千米远。

句子中的where I studied only two years是定语从句，修饰先行词the school。

There can be few streets in London where you cannot buy books.

在伦敦几乎没有哪条街是不能买到书的。

The room where my grandfather once lived is not far from here.