11. besides, except, except for

besides表示“除……之外还有……”，表示二者同处于一个范围内。

Besides Tom, three students failed in the exam.

除了汤姆之外，还有三个学生考试不及格。

except表示“除……之外没有/都……”，表示二者不在一个范围内。

I knew nobody here except you. 这儿除了你,我谁都不认识.

except for表示“美中不足”。

Your composition is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.　　你的作文写得很好，就是有一点拼写错误。

12. hurt, injure, wound

hurt主要强调所受的伤伴有剧烈的疼痛，此外还可以表示情感上的伤害。

He hurt his arm when he fell down.

他跌倒了,把胳膊摔伤了。

I didn’t mean to hurt you when I said that.

我说那些话，不是有意要伤害你的。

injure主要强调在意外事故中受伤。

Twenty people were seriously injured in the terrible fire.

有二十个人在大火中受了重伤。

wound主要指在战争中或打斗中受伤。

The bullet wounded the policeman in the right arm.

子弹打伤了警察的右臂。