高中英语语法宾语从句讲解（4）

学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。

1.连接词

1.从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。

2.从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在 whether … or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。

3.从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。

注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他

2.判断时态情况：

1.主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。

2.主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时。

3.关系代词：that，who，whom,whose,which

eg:　1. The teacher told the children that the sun____ round.

A. was B. is C. were D. are

2. I believe that our team____ the basketball match.

A. win B. won　C. will win　D. wins

3. I don’t know____ to visit the old man.

A. whether B. if C. that D. who

4.The soldiers soon reached( )was once an old temple(　)the villagers used as a school.

A.which;where B.what;which　C.where;which D.what;where

答：选B，动词reach后接宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，where不可，which引导宾语从句时表疑问含义“哪一个…”而此句中并非疑问含义，不知道哪一座庙宇，而是用what从句表陈述含义，意“过去的一座旧庙宇”;temple后为对其修饰的定语从句，用关系代词which代替，并在从句中作动词used的宾语，use sth. as…“把…用作…

宾语从句用作宾语。如：

Do you know where he lives?

定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。如：

The student who answered the question was John. 回答问题的学生是John.

This is the man whom he is looking for.

Do you know the girl who is in red?

语法~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

3.宾语从句的用法

1.that引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。但下列情况除外：

(1)介词宾语从句的that不省略

(2) and连接的几个从句，第二个从句以后的从句的that不省略。

He told me that he had two sons and that they both had gone to college.

(3)在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中，that不省略。

I heard it said that he had gone abroad

We found it impossible that he could finish it in such a short time

2.Whether ,if 引导宾语从句：两词可互换，但是下列情形除外：

(1)whether从句中有or not

(2)whether从句做介词宾语

Everything depends on whether you agree with us

3.许多带复合宾语的句子，宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it做形式宾语。结构常是：

主语+动词+it+形容词/名词等宾语补足语+宾语从句

We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone

4.宾语从句的语序要用陈述句语序

False: He is wondering when can he finish this difficult job.

Right: He is wondering when he can finish this difficult job.

B 有时候可以用it 作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语从句放在后面。

Bad: I thought that he could finish this job in just two hours impossible.

Good: I thought it impossible that he could finish this job in just two hours.

Bad: He left whether we should continue this project to my judgment.

Good: He left it to my judgment whether we should continue this project.

C 带有宾语从句的复合句的否定形式一般是否定主句。

Bad: I think he doesn’t like the English teacher.

Good: I don’t think he likes the English teacher.

D 主句一般过去时态，从句也要用过去时态;具体细节请看第一部分。

False: He wanted to know why he is crying in the corner.

Right: He wanted to know why he was crying in the corner.