编辑:sx_chenj
2014-04-04
高一英语unit15下册词组知识点
1. at (the) most最多,至多,反义词是 at (the) least至少,最少
e. g. I can pay only 20 pounds at the most. 我最多只能付20英镑。
The repairs will cost at least 100 dollars. 修理费至少要100美元。
2. come up with提出
e. g. For years he kept coming up with new and good ideas.
几年来他不断地提出新的、好的想法。
高一英语unit15下册比较:come up to达到(愿望,标准等),赶(比)得上
e. g. Your work didn’t come up to what I expected of you.你的工作没有达到我的期望。
His work didn’t come up to that of his brother. 他的工作赶不上他哥哥的。
come up for参加(竞选)
e. g. Mayor Jones comes up for election this fall. 琼斯市长参加今年秋天的竞选。
come up against遭到(困难,反对等),和……相抵触
e. g. Not for the first time she will come up against her husband’s opinions.
她将不止一次遭到丈夫的反对。
3.in all总共
e. g. How many people were there in all at the party? 出席聚会的共有多少人?
at all用于否定句,“根本不”,加强语气。e. g. He wasn’t at all tired. 他根本不累。
above all首先,最重要的e. g. A teacher, above all, should know how to deal with the problems taking place in class correctly.一个教师首先应知道怎样处理课堂上发生的问题。
4.try on试穿
Try on the dress, and you will know if it fits you.试穿一下这条裙子,你就会知道它合不合适。
Never buy shoes without trying them on first. 鞋子不先试穿就不要买。
比较:put on穿上
e. g. She put on the skirt and looked more beautiful in it.她穿上裙子,显得更漂亮了。
pull on匆匆忙忙地穿上
e. g. He pulled on his overcoat and it seemed just to cover him like a blanket.
他匆匆穿上大衣,就好像一条毯子只是把他身体遮住。
辨析:
1. besides, beside, except, except for区别
(1) besides
①介词,除了(指同一类事物,后者包括在内),一般文中有more, other, another, else等词。
e. g. He had other people to take care of besides me. 除了我他还得要照顾别的人。
What else has he done besides reading the paper? 除了读报纸他还干了什么?
②副词,此外,除此之外
e. g. Her intentions were good, besides, it was pleasant to be with her.
她的意图是好的,此外,跟她在一起很快乐。
(2)beside介词,在……旁边
e. g. He was sitting beside her. 他坐在她旁边。
(3)except介词,除去,除掉(指同一类事物,后者不包括在内)
① +名词/代词
e. g. We go there every day except Sunday. 除了周日,我们每天都去那里。
② +介词短语
e. g. I can take my holidays at any time except in August.除了八月,我可以随时度假。
③ +不定式
e. g. The windows were never opened except to air the room for a few minutes in the morning.
除了在早晨通风几分钟外,窗户从来不开。
④ +从句
e. g. He is a good student except that he is occasionally careless.
他是个好学生除了偶尔有点马虎。
(4) except for除了有……之外(不同类,前后两者是整体和局部的关系,含有肯定一方否定一方之意)
e. g. Your picture is good except for some of the colours.除了几点颜色之外,你的画很不错。
Now the wood is silent except for the leaves.现在整个树林很静除了树叶的沙沙声。
2. true与real区别
(1) true真的,符合实际的,可作定语或表语
e. g. Is it true that he has left for London? 他已离开去伦敦的消息确实吗?
This is a story of a true man. 这是一个根据真人所编的故事。
(2) real真的,真正的而不是想象的,表示实际存在的意义,如实情、实况、实例、实物等,一般只作定语。
e. g. This is a true story of real life.这是一个从现实(而不是想象的)生活中取材的真实故事。
3. accept与receive区别
(1) accept和receive都可表示收取所给予、提供或送到的东西,但receive只指客观上收到,接到,accept是主观上接受,领受。
e. g. I received a present from Jack, but as I wouldn’t accept it. I returned it to the sender.
我收到了杰克送来的一份礼物,但由于我不愿接受,所以我退给了送来的那个人。
(2) accept还可用来表示主观上“吸收”某人,“承认”或“赞同”某一看法或理论。
e. g. I can’t accept (=take) you as my secretary. 我不能聘任你为我的秘书。
I can’t accept (=recognize) my defeat. 我不能承认我失败了。
He had to accept our explanation. 他只好接受了我们的解释。
The young man was accepted/ received (=admitted) into the organization.
这位男青年被吸收加入这个组织。
(3)receive可用来表示一种自然的“获得”(=get),也可用来表示“接待”(=welcome)和“遭受”(=suffer)。
e. g. He received (=got) a good education. 他受到过良好的教育。
She received (=got) a doctor’s degree at the age of twenty- eight.她在二十八岁时获得博士学位。
You will receive (=got) a warm welcome when you get here.你到时会受到热烈欢迎。
He received (=welcome) his guests with a smile. 他向来宾微笑表示欢迎。
The soldier received (= suffered) a bad wound in the head.那士兵头部受伤严重。
4. if与whether区别
(1)表示“如果”,引导条件状语从句,只能用if。
e. g. If you finish your work, you can go out. 如果你完成了工作,你可以出去。
(2)表示“是否”
①if和whether都可引导宾语从句,可互换,常用在know, wonder, ask等一类动词之后。
e. g. I don’t know if/ whether I should tell you.我不知道我是否应该告诉你。
②只能用whether的情况
a. 引导主语从句e. g. Whether he is coming is still a question. 他是否能来还是个问题。
b. 引导表语从句e. g.The question is whether he has enough money.问题是他是否有足够的钱。
c. 引导同位语从句e. g. The question whether he will accept our gift worries us.
他是否接受我们的礼物这个问题始终使我们忧虑不安。
d. 与or not连用e. g. I don’t know whether or not he will go. 我不知道他是否会去。
e. 在介词后面e. g. It depends on whether he can solve the problem.这取决于他是否能解决这个问题。
f. 引导不定式e. g. He can’t decide whether to meet her (or not).他决定不了是否该去见她。
g. 在句首时e. g. Whether he can borrow some money from the bank, we don’t know.
我们不知道他是否能从银行借些钱。
5. cost, take, pay, spend区别
(1) cost指花费金钱、时间、劳力等, 主语是表示事物的名词或代词,没有被动语态。作名词时表示“成本”“价钱”“费用”。
e. g. How much did the radio cost you? 这台收音机花了你多少钱?
What’s the cost of the car? 那辆车得花多少钱?
living costs生活费用 the cost of a book一本书的成本
(2)take主要指花费时间,主语是表示事物的名词或代词。
e. g. It took them over two years to build the bridge.修建这座桥花了他们两年多时间。
(3)spend表示花费金钱或时间,主语是表示有生命的名词或代词(一般是人), spend …on sth. , spend …(in) doing。
e. g. I spent 600 yuan on the camera. 买这只照相机,我花了600元。
(4)pay付钱,主语必须是人,其宾语可以是人,也可是物。
e. g. I haven’t paid the doctor. 我还没付医生的诊费。
He paid 400 000 yuan for the house. 他花了40万元买房子。
6. a bit与a little用法
(1)肯定句中,同义,表示“一点儿”“一些”。
e. g. I’m a bit/ a little hungry. 我有点饿了。
You’d better drive a bit/ a little slowlier. 你最好开慢点。
(2)否定句中,not a bit = not at all/ not in the least “一点也不”, not a little= very/much/very much, “非常”。
e. g. I was not a bit tired after the training . 训练后我一点也不累。
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