5. due to : ① because of, caused by 做表语，状语

他没被大学录取是因为他的英语太差。

He wasn’t admitted to college due to his poor English.

我们的一切进步归功于老师的帮助。

All the progress we have made is due to our teacher’s help.

由于糟糕的天气，运动会不得不被推迟了。

Due to/ As a result of/ Owing to /Because of/On account of the bad weather, the sport meeting has to be put off.

② be due to do 定于(某时)做某事

他儿子定于三点到。His son is due to arrive at 3pm.

6. witness n. 目击者; 见证人 v. 目睹; 目击; 见证

1) I was a witness to their quarrel.

2) 谁目击了这场车祸? Who witnessed the accident?

3) The successful launch of Shenzhou VIII is a powerful witness to our country’s increasing prosperity. 神舟八号的成功发射是我们伟大祖国日益强盛的有力见证。

7. see +sb./sth+ do/ doing/done: watch, look at, hear, listen to , notice, feel , observe, have(使，让)等动词与see有这种相同用法。

1) I pulled back the curtains and saw a large spaceship flying outside .

我拉开窗帘看见一个巨大的宇宙飞船正在外面飞行。

2) 我看见他进了那家饭店。 I saw him go into the restaurant.

3)有人看见他一小时前离开了。He was seen to leave an hour ago.

4)看到儿子在托儿所受到很好的照顾, 我很高兴。

I’m very glad to see my son taken good care of in the nursery.

8. Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.

倒装句，句子主语太长，为保持句子平衡该句采用了倒装语序。

结构是：doing+ be+主语 引导的完全倒装

= Lots of creatures with white skin and large black eyes were standing inside.

Standing over there was a girl. Seated at the table was Tom.

Gone are the days when we used foreign oil.

Sitting at the back of the room was a shy girl with two big eyes.

9. fright n. 恐惧, frighten vt.使害怕,

frightened adj. 害怕的, frightening adj. 令人害怕的

frighten sb. into (doing) sth. 把某人吓得做某事

frighten sb. out of (doing) sth. 把某人吓得不敢做某事

那小偷吓得不敢说话。The thief is frightened out of speaking.

be frightened of sth. 害怕 你怕狗吗?Are you frightened of a dog?

be frightened to do sth. 害怕做某事 我怕的不敢问他。I’m frightened to ask him.

The story, which was frightening frightened us.

I even get frightened when I hear a plane fly over.

The dog frightened away the little girl. = The little girl was frightened by the dog.

10. show up 出现, 显露，到场

We have been waiting for you to show up. 我们一直都在等你出现。

你邀请的人都到场了吗?Did everyone you invited show up?

show off卖弄，炫耀

Most small children like to show off in front of visitors.大部分孩子喜欢在人前卖弄。

show around 带(某人)参观(某地)

When I am free, I will show you around my school.我有空时会带你参观我们学校。

短语：on show / display / exhibition 在展览

show in领某人进来 show out把某人送到门口

11. happen to sb. 某事发生在某人身上，尤指不幸的事

如果机器出了什么毛病，请通知我们。

If anything happens to this machine, please inform us.