5. 纪念 _____________________ 6. 盛装 ____________________

7. 开玩笑____________________ 8. 期望 ____________________

9. 好像______________________ 10. 玩得开心 ________________

11. take place _________________ 12. day and night ______________

13. a couple of ________________ 14. hold one’s breath ___________

15. keep one’s word ____________ 16. apologise to sb for sth _______

17. be meant to _______________ 18. do harm __________________

19. have one’s origin as _________ 20. set off for _________________

【合作探究】III. 词语辨析

A)forgive, excuse, pardon

excuse:“原谅”，指有意放过人们在社会，习俗方面的具体行为。如失礼，疏忽或失职，不予以指责和惩罚，常用于口语。

forgive:“饶恕，宽恕，赦免”，感情色彩较浓，表示不但放弃一切报复要求，且打消一切复仇的心理，不再愤恨，强调主观和内心的宽恕。

pardon:“原谅，宽恕”，正式用语，指放弃处罚要求，予以赦免，尤其指由上级按法律正式赦免过失或过错。作原谅讲时，同excuse，较老套、正式，主要用于“知道自己的言行将冒犯对方时候”。

1Please __________ me for using your telephone without asking for permission. I thought you wouldn’t mind.

2 She was so kind as to __________ her close friend who had done harm to her when she was in a great difficulty.

3 The two spies were __________ by the President yesterday.

B)collect, gather

gather和collect均可表示“收集”，但collect有区别挑选之意，表示收藏某类物品时多用此词，gather则强调将散乱的东西集中起来。指“聚集” 时两者同义。

1. One of Tony’s hobbies is __________ rare birds.

2. Clouds __________ before a thunderstorm came.

C) think of, think about, think over

think about指"考虑"、"对......有某种看法"，此时它可与think of 换用。但当think of 作为"想起，想到"讲时，of一般不能改为about。think over有"仔细考虑"之意，相当于think about... carefully, 但about是介词,后可直接接宾语。over是副词，所跟宾语是代词时，代词要放在think 和over之间。

1. I can’t think _________ his name at the moment

2. Universities may be forced to think again __________ the courses they provide due to the new employment situation.

3. Why don’t you think it __________ and give me a call in a couple of days?

D) gain, win, earn

gain侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。

win主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。

earn侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得，其宾语多为金钱、荣誉和理应得到的东西。

1. He has __________ a lot of money by working in the evenings.

2. He ___________ experience while working for the newspaper.

3. Who do you think will __________ the next election?

E) mean to do, mean doing

mean to do sth.“打算干…事”; mean doing sth.“意味着…”.

1. I meant __________ (give) you this book today, but I forgot.

2. Missing this train means _________ (wait) for another hour.

F) lonely, alone

这两个词都有“单独”，“独自”，“孤单”的意思。但alone只是陈述一个客观事实，通常不带感情色彩，强调独自一人，没有别的同伴，无褒贬之意，只能用作表语或后置定语，另外alone还可作副词。而lonely只能作形容词，表示一种感觉，带有感情色彩。指人时，强调内心的“孤独”，“寂寞”，“冷清”，希望有人陪伴，可作表语和定语。另外lonely还可表示“偏僻的”，“人迹罕至的”，而alone没有这一意思。

1. On the island Chuch had to learn to survive all __________.

2. The old man lives __________, but he never feels __________.

3. The old man lives a __________ life in that __________ mountain village.

G) cry, weep 这两个词均指因痛苦、悲哀或伤感等出声地流泪。 weep 书面用词，指小声哭或无声地哭，侧重流泪。而cry则较为强烈,常指大声的哭.

1. We all __________ in silence for the dead.

2. We heard her __________ far outside the house.

【当堂检测】IV基础测试

A. 单词拼写

请根据汉语提示或首字母写出单词的正确形式

1. The proud man said he would rather s_______(挨饿) than beg for food.

2. What he said couldn’t s________(满足) his parents, so they kept asking him.

3. A boy l_______(带领) us to the old man’s house, so we had no trouble in finding him.

4. He is a famous p________ (诗人)and his poems are popular with the youth.

5. It is not his custom to d________(淹没) his sadness in wine.

6. She entered the lab without _____________ (许可).

7. There is now no ______________ (可能) that she comes to apologise to us.

8. Do you know when India gained its _______________ (独立) from Britain.

9. He is the most _________(英俊) man I’ve ever met.

10. He got a lot of __________ (奖状) for his excellent study.

B.作文：假如你是李华，你的美国朋友To, m即将随父母来中国。请你写一封信邀请他们来和你们一起过春节，并简单介绍一下中国的春节。

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