编辑:
2014-08-30
注意:people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如:The police are looking for the lost child.
7、由"a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词"构成的短语以及由"分数或百分数+名词"构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。如:
There are a lot of people in the classroom.
The rest of the lecture is wonderful.
50% of the students in our class are girls.
注意:a number of"许多",作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;the number of"…的数量",主语是number,谓语用单数。
8、在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如:
There comes the bus.
On the wall are many pictures.
Such is the result.
Such are the facts.
二、意义一致原则:即谓语动词的单复数形式不是根据语法形式,而是根据主语的内在涵义(即有时主语的单数形式表达的是复数涵义,反之亦然)确定的。
1. 有些集体名词,如:family, group, army, government, audience 等表示整体概念时,应看作单数,它们作主语时其谓语也用单数形式;但若表示组成整体的各个成员时,其谓语则应用复数形式。例如:
Our family lives in the town. (整体)
My family like watching TV. (整体的组成部分)
2. 有些集体名词,如:people (人们),police, cattle, personnel (全体人员),militia (民兵),及以 -ch, -sh, -ese 结尾的表示“……国人”的词作主语时,谓语应该用复数形式。例如:
The police are after a murderer.
The Chinese(people)are kind and friendly.
注意:people 作“民族”解时,其单数形式为 people ,复数形式为 peoples 。当它作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式应视情况而定。例如:
The Chinese people is a great people.
56 people make up the big family of China.
3. 由两个部分组成一个整体的物品名词(如:shoes, glasses, boots, socks 等)作主语时,谓语要用复数形式。例如:
The shoes are not expensive.
His football socks are broken.
注意:表示物品的名词用量词表示具体数量时,其谓语形式应与量词的数保持一致。例如:
That pair of trousers was sold out, but these kinds of trousers are still on the counter.
4. 复数名词或短语表示时间、距离、长度、价格、数字、度、量、衡,以及国名、山脉、群岛、瀑布、书名、剧名、单位或报刊名称等的复数名词作主语,其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:
Ten years is a moment in history.
The Arabian Nights is a very interesting story-book.
The United States is the only superpower in the world now.
5. “分数(百分数)+ of +名词”以及“ all ( most, some, any, half, a lot, the rest ) +of +名词”作主语时, of 后的名词是单数,谓语用单数形式;若 of 后的名词是复数,谓语就用复数形式。例如:
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is water.
Ten percent of the apples are bad.
All of the work has been done.
6. the 与某些形容词搭配表示一类人时,如:the dead, the blind, the old, the rich, the wounded 等,谓语用复数形式。例如:
The old are taken good care of.
The rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorer in some countries.
但是 the 与某些抽象名词或形容词搭配表示抽象概念时,如:the gold, the difficulty, the unknown, the love, the beautiful, the impossible, the unusual,谓语动词要用单数形式。例如:
The love lives forever.
The unusual is what he likes.
7. 以 -s, -es, -ics 结尾表示学科、疾病、游戏等名词以及 means, works (工厂),news 等作主语时,谓语动词要用单数。例如:
Mathematics is difficult to study.
Diabetes (糖尿病) is a very serious disease.
8. 关系代词 who, that, which 引导的定语从句,谓语动词的单复数形式应与先行词的数保持一致。例如:
I, who am your new teacher, will teach you chemistry.
Is this the book that was bought yesterday? (比较:Are these the books that were bought yesterday? )
9. 疑问代词 what, which, who 作主语,谓语动词的单复数形式应依据说话人的意图而定。例如:
Which has been chosen? (比较:Which have been chosen? )
Who lives in the room? (比较:Who live in the room? )
标签:高三英语知识点
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