高三英语下试卷2014

高三英语下试卷阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Flying over a desert area in an airplane, two scientists looked down with trained eyes at trees and bushes. After an hour's flight one of the scientists wrote in his book, 'Look here for probable metal'. Scientists in another airplane, flying over a mountain region, sent a message to other scientists on the ground, 'Gold possible.' Walking across hilly ground, four scientists reported, 'This ground should be searched for metals.' From an airplane over a hilly wasteland a scientist sent back by radio one word, 'Uranium'.

None of the scientists had X-ray eyes: they had no magic powers for looking down below the earth's surface. They were merely putting to use one of the newest methods of location minerals in the ground---using trees and plants as signs that certain minerals may lie beneath the ground on which the trees and plants are growing.

This newest method of searching for minerals is based on the fact that minerals deep in the earth may affect the kind of bushes and trees that grow on the surface.

At Watson Bar Creek, a brook six thousand feet high in the mountains of British Columbia, Canada, a mineral search group gathered bags of tree seeds. Boxed were filled with small branches from trees. Roots were dug and put into boxes. Each bag and box was carefully marked. In a scientific laboratory the parts of the forest trees were burned to ashes and tested .Each small part was examined to learn whether there were minerals in it.

Study of the roots, branches, and seeds showed no silver. But there were small amounts of gold in the roots and a little less gold in the branches and seeds. The seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk had more gold than those growing on the ends of the branches.

If the trees had not indicated that there was gold in the ground, the scientists would not have spent money to pay for digging into the deeper. They did dig and found more gold below. They dug deeper. They found large quantities of gold.

1. Scientists were flying over a desert or hilly wasteland or a mountain region in order to search for _____ in the ground.

A. gold   B. minerals    C. silver    D. metals

2.The study of trees, branches and roots indicates that_______.

A. there were larger amounts of gold in the branches than in the seeds.

B. there were small amounts of gold in the roots than in the branches

C. there were more gold in the branches than in the roots

D. there were larger amounts of gold in the seeds growing nearest to the tree trunk than seeds growing on the ends of branches.

3. Which is the best title?

A. Scientists searching for metals with special power

B. A new method of searching for minerals---using trees and plants

C. New methods of searching for minerals

D. Gold could be found by trees and plants

4.Which of the following is not mentioned as part of a tree that can help find minerals?

A. roots        B. branches   C. leaves        D. seeds

5. The scientists were searching for minerals by using ______.

A.X-ray    B. magic power    C. trained eyes     D. a special instrument

B

Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands. Ecuador, watching the sun move quietly into the sea, you shouldn’t forget that Charles Darwin (1809-1882) arrived here in 1835. He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. This finally inspired (启发) his famous work, On the Origin of Species. You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.

The islands are certainly a paradise (天堂) for wildlife, as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control. Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago, each day is as impressive as it could be.

The most well-known animals of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise(巨型海龟)，which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz, the second largest island in the archipelago (群岛). Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been in their youth by Darwin himself.

Despite strict control over activities and timing, your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures; diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim; and most magically, seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air.

Travelling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin, so you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world. At night you will sleep on board the ship, leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands, which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.

6 . What do we know about Darwin’s visit to the islands?

A.He completed his famous book on the islands

B.He studied different creatures on the islands

C.He was touched by the geography of the islands

D.He was attracted by well-known animals of the islands

7.which of the following plays a role in making the islands “a paradise for wildlife”?

A.Animals on the islands feed on grass.

B.Local government forbids killing wildlife.

C.Tourists are not allowed to touch the animals.

D.People cannot visit the islands as they wish.

8.Your stay on the islands will be most impressive mainly because of         .

A.a closer view of animals     B.Darwin’s inspiring trip

C.the beautiful sea views      D.various daring activities

9.which of the following would be the best title for the passage ?

A.Charles Darwin as a Symbol of Galapagos

B.Galapagos as a Paradise for Adventures

C.A Unique Attraction for Wildlife Lovers

D.A Successful Example of Wildlife Protection

C

RESUME(履历)

DOUGLAS V. FERNETTI

Address: 636 Rugar Street  Joliet, Illinois  60451

Date of Birth: June 5, 1960

Height: 6'                  Weight: 195 lbs.     Health: Excellent

Phone: 309 876 –0012      Married: Helen       Son: Jim (2)

EXPERIENCE

1978 to 1983:  Joliet Bridge Company, Joliet, Illinois.

Began as a learner and became accomplished journey-man pattern maker.

1983 to Present: Joliet Bridge Company, Joliet, Illinois.

Promoted to Forman, Pattern Division. Responsibilities include the supervision of fourteen personnel, maintaining work schedules and making assignments, maintaining stock inventories, and supervising two learners.

PERSONAL ACTIVITIES

From 1979 to 1983 attended evening school in order to complete high school education. Received H.S. Diploma from the State University of Illinois in 1983. Since 1983 have attended evening classes at Joliet Community College. Have completed eighteen semester hours credit with nine hours in personnel management. Other activities include regular church attendance, member of ELKS, and help with Little League.

PERSONAL STATEMENT

Although I have been very happy at Joliet Bridge and have had excellent opportunity, it is necessary that I move my family due to my son's allergies (过敏症). In this respect, desire a position in the Southwest United States. I am willing to consider a position as a pattern maker, tool-and-die maker, or as a supervisor. My major attributes are my reliability and loyalty to my company and my ability to work with others.

REFERENCES

References are available upon request.

10.What does Douglas do at present in Joliet Bridge Company?

A. Pattern maker.                          B. Learner.

C. Member of ELKS.                       D. Leader of Pattern Division.

11.What was Douglas doing in 1982?

A. Studying at Joliet Community College  B. Working in Joliet Bridge Company.

C. Helping with Little League.         D. A, B and C.

12.Why does Douglas want to leave Joliet Bridge Company?

A. Because he is not satisfied with his present job.

B. Because he has not been successful in the company.

C. Because his son is not used to the weather in Illinois.

D. Because he does not get along well with his colleagues

1 3.If you want to know the age of Douglas' son, what can you do?

A. Find it in the resume.         B. Telephone 309 876-0012.

C. Ask his wife Helen.                D. Write to 636 Rugar Street.

D

WHAT can help you make a fortune in the future? Graduating from a top university might not be enough. A new study from the University of Essex in Britain has shown that the more friends you have in school, the more money you’ll earn later.

The idea that popularity could have a serious influence on one’s earning potential shouldn’t come as too much of a surprise. The researchers noted that if you want to get ahead in life, social skills and networking are easily as powerful as talent and hard work.

“If a person has lots of friends, it means that he or she has the ability to get along with others in all kinds of different situations,” said Xu Yanchun, 17, from Nantou High School in Shenzhen, who totally agreed with the recent finding. “Also, friends always help each other. They not only create wider social circles for you but lift your mood when you are occasionally in low spirits,” said Xu. She believed that all this helps you “earn a higher salary.”

Maybe that’s why some people think the younger generations are in the age of Friendalholism (交友狂症)? A woman even complained that the networking website Facebook’s 5,000-friend limit was too low for her large reserve of social contacts.

But what does friend mean? Should friends be regarded as a form of currency?

“Call me uncool, but I think of a friend as an actual person with whom I have an actual history and whom I enjoy actually seeing. It seems, however, that this is no longer the definition of friend”, said Meghan Daum, who works with The Los Angeles Times in the US.

Daum dislikes the idea that quantity trumps quality in the age of friendaholism. She thought the idea of friendship, at least among the growing population of Internet social networkers, was to get as many of not-really-friends as possible. For example, a friend might be someone you might know personally but who could just as easily be the friend of a friend of some other Facebook friends you don’t actually know. Although she agreed that social ties grease(润滑)the wheels of life, she also warned. “Too bad one thing money can’t buy is a real friend.”

14. What can friends do in the eyes of Xu Yanchun?

A. They can help you with your schoolwork.

B. They help you to get rid of sadness and cheer up.

C. They teach you how to make more money.

D. They introduce their friends to you.

15. What will be needed if you are to achieve success according to the researchers?

A. Social skills, friends, good mood and fortune.

B. Social skills, talent, hard work and the facebook.

C. Social skills, networking, potential and fortune.

D. Social skills, networking, talent and hard work.

16. What does the underlined word “trumps” in the last paragraph mean?

A. is worse than   B. is equal to     C. is better than   D. is similar to

E

Forty years ago, Rachel Carson died and the Pittsburgh area lost perhaps its most influential citizen.A native of a Pennsylvania College for Women graduate, Carson published “Silent Spring” in 1962, a work that launched the modern environmental movement and led to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as the passage of our major environmental laws.

However, there has been a puzzling and troubling trend in recent years: an attack on her theory by conservatives and the agrochemical (农用化学品) industry.For example, Rush Limbaugh gave the following quiz: “Who caused more deaths: Adolf Hitler or Rachel Carson?” Limbaugh's answer was Carson, due to the approximately 100 million deaths from malaria (疟疾) since 1972, the year in which the pesticide (杀虫剂)DDT was banned for use in the United States in part as a result of “Silent Spring.”

Therefore, on this 40th anniversary of Carson's death, we need to take a scientific look at the myths that remain about pesticides.

Myth 1: Pesticide usage has declined since 1962.In fact, pesticide usage has more than doubled since 1962, and the global pesticide industry currently uses over 2.5 million tons of pesticides each year.Even DDT is still used abroad.

Myth 2: Pesticides are safe.In fact, as Carson warned us, these poisonous chemicals are unsafe since they are designed to kill biological organisms, but are often not specific in their targets.Pesticide exposure can cause skin irritation, headache, cancer and even death.According to the WHO, over 25 million people a year in developing countries suffer severe acute pesticide poisonings with over 20,000 deaths.

Of the 80,000 pesticides and other chemicals in use today, 10 percent are recognized as carcinogens (致癌物质).According to recent studies, brain cancer rates are five times higher in homes with “no-pest” strips and six times higher in homes where pets wear flea collars (杀蚤颈圈).Our homes have pesticide concentrations 10 to 100 times higher than outdoors.

So, if Carson were with us today, still battling the agrochemical industry that spent millions of dollars, what would she be advocating? I feel confident that she would be a strong supporter of a new principle of chemical assessment.

Simply put, this principle requires producers of pesticides to prove that they are safe and necessary before they are put on the market.Our current system puts the burden of proof on government and scientists to prove that a pesticide is dangerous and poses an “unacceptable risk” before it can be pulled from the market.

17 .Limbaugh attacked Carson because he thought that _____.

A.she was supporting the production of poisonous pesticides

B.“Silent Spring” had caused in part the 100 million deaths from malaria

C.“Silent Spring” was originated from Hitler’s writings

D.she had not cared for the 100 million deaths from malaria

18.Which of the following is the content of Myth 1?

A.The usage of pesticides has been dropping since 1962.

B.2.5 million tons of pesticides have been produced since 1962.

C.The production of pesticides has doubled during the past 40 years.

D.Pesticides have become less poisonous since 1962.

19.The author mentions “flea collars” in the sixth paragraph to indicate _____.

A.pesticides contribute to the development of cancer

B.the close connection between them and dog cancer rates

C.flea collars contribute to high pesticide concentrations indoors

D.the medical effect of flea collars on dogs

20.What is the suggested new practice of chemical assessment?

A.Government should prove a pesticide is unsafe.

B.Scientists should be responsible for writing assessment reports.

C.A special committee should be set up for chemical assessment.

D.Producers of pesticides should provide proof of their safety.

参考答案

BDBCC    BDAC   DBCA   BDC   BACD

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