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高三英语教案:语法知识分词复习

编辑:

2012-08-09

分词作状语,可以表示时间,原因,理由,条件,让步,连续等,相当于一个状语从句。例如:

Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call. 由于没有收到他的信,我给他打了个电话。

As I didn't receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.

Given more attention,the trees could have grown better. 多给些照顾,那些树会长得更好。

If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.

典型例题

1)_____ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.

A. Followed  B. Followed by  C. Being followed  D. Having been followed

答案B. Napoleon 与follow 之间有被动的含义。being followed除表达被动之外,还有动作正在进行之意。 followed by(被…跟随)。本题可改为:                 With some officials following, Napoleon inspected his army.

2)There was a terrible noise ___ the sudden burst of light.

A. followed  B. following  C. to be followed  D. being followed

答案B. 由于声音在闪电后,因此为声跟随着光,声音为跟随的发出者,为主动。用现在分词。

3)_______, liquids can be changed into gases.

A. Heating  B. To be heated  C. Heated  D. Heat

答案C. 本题要选分词作为状语。现在分词表主动,正在进行的;过去分词表被动的,已经完成的。对于液体来说是加热的受动者,是被动的,因而选C。它相当于一个状语从句 When it is heated,…

注意:选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出,分词就选用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。例如:

Used for a long time, the book looks old. 由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。

Using the book, I find it useful. 在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用。

9.3 连词+分词(短语)

有时为使分词短语与主句关系更清楚,可在分词前加连词。 连词有: when,while,if though,after, before, as. 但分词的主语和主句的主语必须为同一个。例如:

While waiting there, he saw two pretty girls come out of the building.

等在那儿时,他看见两个靓妹走出大楼。(waiting 和saw 的主语相同)

9.4 分词作补语

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