B

German researchers said older people tend to be portraye d negatively in society. Although they are often described  as wise, they are also shown as being slow and forgetful.

“Living in a youth centered culture, they may appreciate a boost in self¬esteem.That's why they prefer the negative stories about younger people, who are seen as having a higher status in our society，” said Dr Silvia Knobloch¬Westerwick，of Ohio State University.

Knobloch¬Westerwick and her co¬author Matthias Hastall, of Zeppelin University in Friedrichshafen, Germany, studied 276 German adults, including 178 aged 18 to 30 and 98 between 55 and 60. Their findings are published in the journal Communication.

All the adults in the study were shown what they were led to believe was a test version of a new online news magazine.They were also given limited time to look over either a negative or a positive version of 10 pre¬selected articles.

Each story was also paired with a photograph depicting(描绘) someone of either the younger or the older age group.

The researchers found that older people were more likely to choose to read negative articles about those younger than themselves. They also tended to show less interest in articles about older people, whether negative or positive.

But younger people preferred to read positive articles about other young people.

According to Knobloch¬Westerwick, older people's preference for negative news about their younger counterparts can be explained by their place in society.

“Everybody likes a self¬esteem boost. For young people, though, it's almost automatic. Youth is considered important in society，” she said.

After reading the articles, the participants completed a questionnaire des igned to measure levels of self¬esteem. Unlike their younger counterparts, the self¬esteem of older people rose after they read a negative article about younger people.

Although the study was done in Germany, Knobloch¬Westerwick believes nationality and the national characteristics are not important.

20.What do older people think of themselves, according to the text?

A.They are behind the times.

B.They are always forgetful.

C.Their self¬esteem is challenged in a youth centered culture.

D.They should have a higher status than the young in society.

21.What can be learned from the study?

A.The old enjoy reading negative stories about the young.

B.The old are interested in negative articles about other old people.

C.The old are likely to read positive articles about other old people.

D.The young like reading negative articles about other young people.

22.According to Knobloch¬Westerwick, if a similar study were done in other countries, ________.

A.the result would be unreasonable

B.the result would be quite different

C.the findings would be completely the same

D.much the same result would be found

Ⅲ.书面表达 (2013年课标II)

假定你是李华，自制一些中国结(Chinese knot)。给开网店的美国朋友Tom写封信，请他代卖，要点包括：

1.外观(尺寸、颜色、材料)

2.象征意义

3.价格

注意：1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;

3.开头语已为你写好。

参考答案

Ⅰ.1.D　句意：按照传统风俗，西方人在4月1日可以开他人的玩笑。tradition传统。 system系统;history历史;habit习惯。

2.B　这是一个同位语从句。that引导的从句作news的同位语，解释news的具体内容，且从句的意义完整。

3.D　go ahead常用来表示许可，意思是“尽管做好了;大胆去做吧”。

4.C　考查固定短语的含义。句意：在我们组，除了汤姆没有人能在如此短的时间内完成这个艰巨的任务。better than比……好;rather than而不是;other than除了;more than多于……，不止……。空格前的no person表明是要将汤姆除外，故选C。

5.C　考查词组与分词用法。be impressed with…对……留有深刻印象;feet与measure存在着主动的关系。句意：我对他那两只量起来接近有一英尺八英寸的大脚留有深刻印象。

6.D　考查非谓语动词。句意：对你们产品的质量印象不佳，我当然不会建议其他人购买。impress sb with sth 表示“给某人留下深刻印象”，I与impress之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词短语作状语。

7.B　考查动词时态和语态。第一空用主动表被动;第二空表示“如果布被铺展在桌子上”。句意：如果布被铺展在桌子上会好量。

8.B　考查非谓语动词。作主语，要用动名词形式，由语境可知，这里指的是太平湖被青山环绕，所以用being done结构。

9.C　考查动词的语态。此处health与measure之间为动宾关系。句意：记住：较好的健康以步行来衡量。多走路，的确感觉不一样!

10.A　考查介词。within“在……里;在……之内”，后常接表示某个特定范围的名词。within a month在一个月内。

11.D　考查短语辨析。句意：随着职业生涯的即将结束，阿姆斯特朗开始期待同家人一起在海滩度过一段日子。in view看得见;in range在射程内;in reach能力所及;in sight看得见，在望，临近。

12.A　考查动词词义辨析。confirm证实(有某事);证明;prove证明(某事的真假、正误等);sign写下;签字;announce宣布。句意：他说将接受这份工作，因此我们就要求他以书面的形式加以确认。

13.D　考查副词辨析。由句意“地球表面大约有75%被水所覆盖”可知答案。approximately大约。

14.A　考查倒装结构。not until用于句首，主句应用部分倒装结构。句意：直到离开了家他才开始知道家庭对他有多么的重要。

15.D　句意：尽管她的腿受伤了，她还是 爬上了楼梯。in spite of“尽管;不顾”，为介词短语，其后只能接名词性短语、代词或what引导的句子。manage to do sth“想方设法做成某事”。

Ⅱ.A

本文着重介绍了英语中一些词的来历。

16.A　细节理解题。由第二段第一句Robert Armstrong, an artist from California, developed the term“couch potato” in 1976可知，couch potato是在1976年第一次被使用，因此A项正确。第三段第三句The description of mouse potato became popular in 1993.告诉我们mouse potato在1993年才流行，倒数第二段告诉我们cocooning和nesting是20多年前才开始流行的。

17.C　细节理解题。由第三段第一句Couch potatoes enjoy watching television just as mouse potatoes enjoy working on computers.可知答案。

18.C　细节理解题。由第五段第三句This is especially true during the winter when it is too cold or snowy to do things outside.可知答案。

19.D　主旨大意题。根据本文主要内容可知答案。

B

研究人员发现，在当今以年轻人为 中心的社会中，老年人的自尊受到挑战。因此，在一项调查中，老年人更倾向于关注那些反映年轻人消极面的信息，以增强自尊。

20.C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的Living in a youth centered culture，they may appreciate a boost in self¬esteem.可推知答案。

21.A　细节理解题。根据文章第六段中的The researchers found that older people were more likely to choose to read negative articles about those

younger than themselves.可知答案。

22.D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的信息…believes nationality and the national characteristics are not important.可知答案。

Ⅲ.One possible version：

【要点综述】

本次书面表达要求写一封信，对考生来说，是一种比较熟悉的作文类型。材料联系到了网店，贴近学生生活实际;写作时应注意书信格式;三个要点都要阐述，不能有遗漏。

How are you doing? I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me. I made them myself with red silk threads, cloth and other materials. They look really beautiful in the shape of a diamond, about 5 inches long and 4 inches wid. In China, these knots stand for friendship, love and good luck. People can either give them as gifts to friends or hang them in their houses. They are only 12.99 Us dollars each. If anyone wants to know more about the knots, let them write to me. Also, do let me know if you need further information. Thank you!

Li Hua

高中是人生中的关键阶段，大家一定要好好把握高中，编辑老师为大家整理的必修三高二英语单元测试，希望大家喜欢。

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