C

By 2050, a completely new type of human evolve as a result of extremely new technology, behavior, and natural selection. This is according to Cadell Last, a researcher at the Global Brain Institute, who claims mankind is undergoing a major “evolutionary transition”.

In less than four decades, Mr. Last claims we will live longer, have children in old age and rely on artificial intelligence to do ordinary and boring tasks. This shift is so significant, he claims, it is comparable to the change from monkeys to apes, and apes to humans. “Your 80 or 100 is going to be so radically different than your grandparents,” Mr. Last says, who believes we will spend much of our time living in virtual reality. Some evolutionary scientists believe this age could be as high as 120 by 2050.

Mr. Last claims humans will also demonstrate delayed sexual maturation, according to a report by Christina Sterbenz in Business Insider. This refers to something known as life history theory which attempts to explain how natural selection shapes key events in a creature’s life, such as reproduction. It suggests that as brain sizes increase, organisms need more energy and time to reach their full potential, and so reproduce less.

Instead of living fast and dying younger, Mr. Last believes humans will live slow and die old. “Global society at the moment is a complete mess,” he told MailOnline. “But in crisis there is opportunity, and in apocalypse (启示) there can be transformation. So I think the next system humanity creates will be far more sophisticated, fair, and abundant than our current civilization.”

“I think our next system will be as different from the modern world, as our contemporary world is from the medieval (中世纪的) world. The biological clock isn't going to be around forever,” he added, and said that people could pause it for some time using future technology.

The change is already happening. Today, the average age at which a woman in Britain has her first baby has been rising steadily stands at 29. 8. In the US, just one percent of first children were born to women over the age of 35 in 1970. By 2012, that figure rose to 15 percent.

“As countries become socio-economically advanced, more and more people, especially women have the option to engage in cultural reproduction,” Mr. Last added. And as well as having more child-free years to enjoy leisure time, he believes artificial intelligence will make up the need for low-skill jobs. We may also spend a large amount of time living in virtual reality. “I’m not quite sure most people have really absorbed the implications of this possibility,” Mr. Last said.

His views are detailed in a paper, titled “Human Evolution, Life History Theory, and the End of Biological Reproduction" published Current Aging Science.

63. According to Cadell Last, a completely new type of human will appear because of _____.

① artificial intelligence ② new technology ③ natural selection ④ mundane tasks

⑤ behavior

A. ②③⑤ B. ①②③ C. ③④⑤ D. ①②⑤

64. Which statement is compared by Mr. Last to the change from monkeys to apes, and apes to humans?

A. We have diseases and die young.

B. We give birth to a child when we are young.

C. We spend less time in virtual reality.

D. We use intelligent robots to do everyday housework.

65. The underlined words in the third paragraph most probably mean “_____”.

A. Organisms need more energy and time to ripen. B. Natural selection shapes key events.

C. Reproduction. D. Reproduce less.

66. In the next system Mr. Last explained we can infer that _____.

A. women are engaged in careers or hobbies instead of giving birth to babies

B. women are engaged in playing computer games rather than working

C. women are engaged in cultural reproduction in place of men

D. women are engaged in living in virtual reality without options

D

Six people have kept themselves inside a white dome in Hawaii to have an eight-month test of how their mental health might experience during a mission to Mars.

The NASA-funded project involves three men and three women who have no access to fresh food and limited access to Internet that requires 20-minute intervals between click and response, as it might be in deep space.

They are allowed to step outside their igloo-like enclosure — which measures 11 meters in diameter and six meters tall — only if wearing a space suit.

“We are surrounded by basaltic lava(玄武岩火山石) and living on the slopes of Mauna Loa where there is little evidence of plant or animal life,” wrote crew member Jocelyn Dunn, a doctor at Purdue University’s School of Industrial Engineering, after her first day in the dome on October 17. “The training wheels are coming off as our new reality is setting in,” Dunn wrote on her blog, http://fivestarview.blogspot.com, which she plans to update throughout the mission.

NASA is spending $1.2 million on a series of three such projects known as Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation (HI-SEAS) to determine the potential risks of sending people together to spend long periods on a distant planet.

NASA is aiming for a human mission to Mars by the 2030s, but experts are still not sure if humans can with-stand the radiation that the journey would involve.

It could take eight months to reach the Red Planet, not to mention time spent on it with a thin atmosphere and no known food source, followed by an attempt at returning to Earth.

One recent study found that with the current limits of technology, adventurers to Mars would start dying in 68 days. Another study this week said the risk of radiation-induced cancer would limit any trip to one year.

NASA considers it just as important to study whether people’s mental states could hold up under the pressure of a Mars journey, said principal investigator Kim Binsted.

Both crew psychology and radiation are considered “red risks” for Mars, “which means essentially, until we solve these problems, we are not going,” Binsted told AFP. Binsted is coordinating the experiment from the outside the dome. Those inside are healthy, educated people in their 20s and 30s, each with a keen interest in science and space. “It is kind of the opposite of a reality show. We select against drama.” explained Binsted. “We try to pick a crew that will get along with each other. We pick generally level-headed and easy-going people.”

They include Allen Mirkadyrov, an aerospace engineer for and Neil Scheibelhut, a microbiologist and former soldier in Iraq. Sophie Milam is an expert in robotics who is pursuing a master’s degree in engineering, and Zak Wilson is a mechanical engineer. The commander is Canadian-born Martha Lenio, who earned a doctor degree in engineering and has worked in the sustainable building industry, according to her biography.

As time wears on, experts want to see how they get along with each other, and how they relate to mission control.

One potential problem may come late in the game, when a depression known as “third-quarter syndrome” kicks in. There is also the issue of communication breakdown between the crew and ground control, which happens often in these kinds of missions, Binsted said.

67. “A white dome” in Paragraph 1 is the same place as _______.

A. “deep space” in paragraph 2

B. “their igloo-like enclosure” in Paragraph 3

C. “the slopes of Mauna Loa” in Paragraph 4

D. “Purdue University’s School of Industrial Engineering” in Paragraph 4

68. What is the aim of Hawaii Space Exploration Analog and Simulation (HI-SEAS)?

A. To reduce the time to reach Mars to less than 8 months.

B. To make sure if humans can with-stand the radiation involved in the journey.

C. To find out the possible risks of having people travel to Mars and stay there.

D. To aim for a human mission to Mars by the 2030s.

69. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A. it is likely to take a year for adventurers to have a to-and-back trip of Mars

B. most adventurers-to-be are healthy, educated people in their 20s and 30s, each with a keen interest in science and space

C. If possible, the crew will have a Canadian-born man-commander, Martha Lenio

D. Should the “red risks” not be solved, NASA would never try the exploration of Mars

70. The passage is intended _______.

A. for informing us of a new research project

B. as an introduction of some great adventurers

C. for informing us of the exploration of Mars

D. as a report of the latest space voyage

第Ⅱ卷(非选择题 两部分 共35分)

第四部分 任务型阅读(共10个小题，每小题1分，满分10分)

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。

When you feel disappointed, you should know it is natural and normal, and everyone will experience it to some extent in their life. Sometimes life deals us a difficult hand, and events and trials arise that we have no control over. Other times it is our own actions themselves that cause our trials. Regardless of the nature of our trials, disappointment is part of life’s journey and how we deal with it will largely determine the quality of our life. Here are some steps to help us to make our journey more enjoyable.

Firstly, redefine our rules. It is assumed that everyone has an internal “rule” in their mind. If our internal rules are too perfect, then they will discourage us greatly. For example, if we have a rule that says we need to be perfect, it is likely that we will spend a large amount of time feeling sad and disappointed. So when we feel disappointed, it is wise to review and redefine our rules. Want an example of an encouraging rule? Try this one: I am happy and I am successful since I have made my greatest efforts.

Secondly, remind ourselves now and then of the reasons why we are seeking the very goal. As a matter of fact, there are many cases where we have forgotten our original purposes along the way. So it is of great help to remember the reasons why we are committed to a path in the first place when we feel down. By revisiting those reasons, we will likely renew our commitment and not get hung up on the disappointment of the moment.

Thirdly, think about our larger vision and recommit to it. Disappointment is merely a setback on what will eventually be a great and inspiring journey. So when we have those momentary setbacks, it is helpful to think about our larger vision and recommit to it. In our larger vision, therefore, a disappointment is a very valuable experience, which serves as a good educator and makes us more able to meet the challenges of the future.

Finally, reset and have a new start. Resetting and starting anew prevents us from abandoning ourselves to self-pity and forces us to get up and move forward. Don’t live in the past. Take what the past has taught us and keep moving. Wake up the very next day as if our whole life is ahead of us and we have the chance to start fresh. Nothing that happened in the past can stop us from creating the life that we have always desired or from accomplishing the goals that we are seeking.

Title Learning to deal with disappointment

Introduction Disappointment exists (71) ____________and normally in our life and learning to deal with it is part of a fulfilling life.

Causes of

disappointment Events and trials in life are sometimes beyond our (72) ___________.

Our trials are sometimes (73) __________ by our own actions.

(74) ________ to dealing with disappointment Redefine our rules When redefining our rules, we are supposed to (75) ________ discouraging ones with encouraging ones.

(76) ____ our whys Being (77) ______ often of our whys helps us renew our commitment and get over the disappointment.

Recommit to our vision Experiencing disappointments prepares us to be (78) ________ of meeting the challenges of the future.

Reset and start anew Instead of living in the past, we take what we have (79) _________ from the past and move forward.

Conclusion Dealing with disappointment effectively can improve the (80) ________ of our life and make our life journey enjoyable.

第五部分 书面表达 (共1题，满分25分)

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

With the development of economy, people tend to pursue high quality living conditions. Most of the parents try their best to offer their children comfortable circumstances, but they seldom have time to stay with their children. In my opinion, no matter how busy they are, they should make the best um of their time to stay with their children.

Every time when parents take them to the amusement park, help them to prepare their birthday parties, applaud for them when they are competing in the sports meeting, the time they spend with children will become treasure in their memories.

Children need the direction from their parents. There is some wrong behavior in our society, such as dishonesty, violence and so on. Children have weak resistance in defending this negative influence. In this case, parents' instructions seem to be very important to children's growth. Parents should sit down and talk with them about what they should do and should not do.

I do not deny that there are some disadvantages in spending too much time with children. Some parents restrict their children, and give them little freedom to develop their interests. Therefore, I emphasize that parents should educate and instruct their children appropriately in their spare time apart from their busy work.

【写作内容】

你将参加一场主题辩论会，主题为“父母该为孩子的行为习惯负责吗?”参赛前，你要查阅相关资料，并准备你的主题发言，请仔细阅读下文，然后完成以下的任务：

1、以约30个词概括短文的要点;

2、然后以约120个词就“父母该为孩子的行为负责吗?”这个主题发表你的看法，并包含以下的内容要点：

(1) 你认为父母是否该对此负责，并阐明你的理由;

(2) 你对父母们的建议。

【写作要求】

你可使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不能抄袭阅读材料中的句子。

【评分标准】

概括准确、语言规范、内容合适、篇章连贯。 参考答案

书面表达

One possible version:

Parents Should Be Responsible For Children's Behaviors

The passage mainly tells us that parents play an important part in children's growth, suggesting that no matter how busy parents are, they should spend more time staying with their children and give proper instructions.

We know it is important for children to develop good habits. So it is disappointing and sad to see some children around us showing bad habits. As far as I am concerned, parents should be responsible for helping children develop good habits. The reasons are as follows. To start with, it is commonly held that parents are the first teacher of their children. The children adopt many ways and thoughts of their parents as they are growing. What’s more, parents' duties include not only providing food and clothing, but also knowledge and common sense required to go on well in society.

Therefore, I hope parents can spend more time staying with their children, giving proper guidance to their children. Meanwhile, parents should mind their words and acts, setting a good example to their children.

M: There is no wolf out there, Rachel. We’re camping near a lake, not in some deadly woods. You might run into an angry duck…at worst.

W: Ducks aren’t that big. Whatever made that noise was huge. I know it.

M: Come on, Rachel. Just go back to sleep. I promise you there’s no wolf here. It’s probably just all in your imagination. You’ve been driving all day to get here, so just get some rest.

W: I guess you’re right. I’m being silly. I’m feel better after a good night’s sleep.

Text 7

W: I just got an e-mail from Nancy. She’s moving to Russia.

M: Russia? I thought she was in Africa.

W: She was. She was in West Africa, Burkina Faso.

M: And now she is going to Russia? She doesn’t speak Russian, does she?

W: A little. She’s been studying it for about three months. I think she’s going to enroll in a language class at the university when she gets there.

M: Wow, that’s quite a move she’s making, from Africa to Russia. Where’s she going to live, Moscow?

W: I’m not sure. I don’t think she knows yet. She’s talked about St. Petersburg.

M: Well, I hope she adjusts quickly. Say, I’ve always wanted to see Russia. Maybe we can visit her!

W: You’d better start saving your pennies then. I started saving mine when she began studying Russian!

Text 8

M: Hey, Ella. Did you go to our history class yesterday?

W: Of course I did, Luke. Why did you ask?

M: I was wondering if I could borrow the notes for this Friday’s quiz. I was sick and stayed home from school.

W: That’s strange. Lacey said she saw you and Jim at the new movie theater last night.

M: Oh, yeah. My little brother needed to be picked up, and I was feeling better by then, so I offered to go get him.

W: That was nice of you. That’s funny, though. I don’t remember Lacey saying your brother Eric was there, too.

M: She must have not seen him. He is pretty short, after all.

W: I guess so. Not any shorter than Lacey, though.

M: Okay, fine. You caught me! I just really didn’t want to take my chemistry test yesterday.

W: I knew it! Honestly, Luke, I would have done the same thing. I’ll meet you after school with my notes.

coast, and we are in the process of contacting the coast guard to come to our rescue. Please do not panic! There is no danger of us sinking! We are merely unable to move! Once help arrives, we will make another announcement, and let you know how to proceed. In the meantime, please continue to enjoy our many onboard luxuries, like our warm water pool, our tennis courts, and our gym. Our staff will also be handing out free drink in the dining halls. If you have any questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to approach one of our crew members. We apologize for the inconvenience, and thank you for choosing our cruise line!

以上就是编辑老师为各位考生准备的2015启东中学高三调研英语试题及答案，祝愿各位考生取得优异的成绩!

相关链接：

武汉市第三中学高三英语试题

2015年甘肃高考一诊英语试题