3.观点态度题

该题型主要考察学生对文中的有关语句、要点、细节、观点等的理解能力。这种题要求在宏观把握文章的基础上，作出合理判断。这种题要求在宏观把握文章的基础上，选出作者对文章所谈问题的态度，而不是我们对某一问题的经验。这类题要求考生从文章的论述方法、语气和遣词造句中把握作者对人与事的好恶，了解作者的态度和情感;这类题目需要多注意文章开头、结尾等传达作者感情倾向的地方。

设题方式：

一般作者的态度分为三大类：

①支持、赞同、乐观

②客观、中立

③反对、批评、怀疑、悲观

除此之外，没有其他的作者态度

解题秘诀：

①理解文章、合理推断，切不可经验主义。

②找文中带有感情色彩的名次、动词、形容词、副词

③根据作者举的例子判断

实例解析：

1.07宁夏卷第67题

The author seems to believe that ___________.

A. having brothers and sisters is fun

B. it’s tiring to look after three children

C. every child needs parents’ full attention

D. parents should watch others’ children

答案为C

文章介绍了作者和邻居轮流照料小孩，从而采用一种亲子游戏—“Mommy and  Me”，在和孩子单独游戏的时候，孩子们发展的空间更大，受益更多。文章最后一段“…I also discovered something different in  each of my children during our alone times…”表明了作者的观点。

2。07广东卷第67题

The author thinks that keeping silent about the uncharged item is equal to__  _.

A. lying B. stealing C. cheating D. advertising

答案为C

作者在第五段落中“In the first case, where we don't tell the clerk, a couple of things  would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of  thief.”鲜明地表明了自己的态度。

4. 推理判断题：

这一类题主要针对短文的结论、隐含意义(寓意)、作者的倾向、文章的论调、写作思路及目的等方面，要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，包括对事情的前因后果、人物的目的动机和性格特征、作者的倾向态度、语言中的语态和语气等进行推断，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。但考生应该明白，推断也应依据原文材料，并非凭空推断。

该题型有时还可能会假设一种情况要求考生对原文中没有提到的情况进行推理想象，对题目中提出的各种可能性进行推敲，从而选出符合原文信息或作者愿意的最佳答案。

设题方式：

多角度设置干扰项

①只是原文的简单复述,而非推断出来的结论,把直接表达当作间接推理

②看似从原文推断出来的结论,然而实际上与原文不符,如因果倒置,手段变目的等

③根据考生已有的常识是正确的,但是却不是基于文章,一切以文章为准

④推理过头,引申过渡

⑤常见的设问形式：

① We can infer / conclude from the passage that _______.

② It can be inferred / concluded (from the passage ) that ________.

③ The passage / story / author / paragraph implies, but does not directly  state that _______.

④ The author’s / writer’s attitude(态度)towards …is _______.

⑤ What do you think would happen (to…) at the end of the story?⑴ 标志：关键词：infer  imply

解题秘诀：依据原文认真比较选项

①绝大多数推理题是原文意思的同义表达，正确答案与原文之间没有任何推理关系

②做题时可以寻找四个选项中三错一对的关系

⑶ 如果四个选项中有两个或两个以上的选项都是成立的推理步骤，那么与原文意思最接近、所用推理最少的选项即是正确答案

实例解析：

1.07山东卷第58题

It can be inferred from the text that __________。

A. the author’s family was in financial difficulty

B. rents were comparatively reasonable despite the disaster

C. houses were difficult to find in the hurricane stricken area

D. the mortgage on the ruined house was paid off by the bank

答案为A

原文材料第一段第二句They lay my house,reduced to waist-high ruins, smellyand  dirty可推测房子被暴雨冲毁。再有第三段第一句we decided to move and tried to find a rental house that  we could afford while also paying off a mortgage on our ruined  house可做出推理判断，作者因为需要支付银行贷款，在找便宜的房子，所以可以推断作者经济拮据。

2。07湖北卷第64题

It can be concluded from the passage that .

A. promising drugs will soon stop AIDS

B. the spread of AIDS could be controlled

C. it is hopeless to win the battle against AIDS

D. the death rate of AIDS patients has been reduced

答案为B

文章最后一段的“there are fresh reasons for optimism in the battle against AIDS.  During the past few years, there has been a drop in new AIDS  cases…”说明“艾滋病其实是可以控制的”。