2.语义功能是理解问题，要根据题干语义，将备选非谓语动词的“形”和“义”密切联系起来。

例一： At the beginning of class, the noise of desks __ could be heard outside the classroom.

A. opened and closed

B. to be opened and closed

C. being opened and closed

D. to open and close

在这个题目中动词“open and close”和名词“desks”构成了动宾关系，即“open and close desks”，因此选择非谓语动词要用到被动形式，而前三个含有被动成分的选项又分别有“完了”“将要”和“正在”的含义，因此，能准确表达句子意思的应当是C。

例二：The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.

A. to be heard B. to have heard

C. hearing D. being heard

在这个题目中动词“hear”和代词“I”构成了动宾关系，即“hear me”，因此选择非谓语动词要用到被动形式，而第一和第四个含有被动成分的选项又分别有“将要”和“正在”的含义，因此，能准确表达句子意思“以便能被听到”的应当是A。

例三：The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _____ for the day.

A. finishing B. finished

C. had finished D. were finished

在这个题目中动词“finish”和名词“lessons”构成了动宾关系，即“finish lessons”，因此选择非谓语动词要用到被动形式，而第二个含有被动成分，表示“完了”，因此，是B。需要注意的是，D选项是谓语动词，而本题中“their lessons ___ for the day”应当是个句子成分，所以不能选择谓语动词。

从上面的例子，我们看到，在回答非谓语动词题目时，要紧紧抓住搭配结构和非谓语形义，才能找出正确的答案。

请你回答下面六个题目，看看是否掌握了答题方法。

巩固练习

1.Please remain________ until the plane has come to a complete stop.

A.to seat B.to be seated

C.seating D.seated

2. Leonardo da Vinci (1452 - 1519) ___ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.

A. is said to be buying

B. is said to have bought

C. had said to buy

D. has said to have bought

3. ______ by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.

A. Driven

B. Being driven

C. To drive

D. Having driven

4. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ______, and asked myself what I was going to do.

A. moved B moving

C. to move D. being moved

5. “Things ______________ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.

A. lost B. losing

C. to lose D. have lost

6. I smell something __________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?

A. burning B. burnt

C. being burnt D. to be burnt

参考答案

1.D 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.A

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