4. 不定式作表语

不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如：

My work is to clean the room every day.

His dream is to be a doctor.

5. 不定式作定语

不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如：

I have a lot of work to do.

So he made some candles to give light.

6. 不定式作状语

1) 目的状语

To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)

He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.　他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

I come here only to say good-bye to you.　我来仅仅是向你告别。

2) 作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。

What have I said to make you angry.

He searched the room only to find nothing.

3) 表原因

I'm glad to see you.

典型例题

The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.

A. sit　 B. sit on　 C. be seat　 D. be sat on

答案：B.　如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。

用作介词的to

to 有两种用法：一为不定式+动词原形; 一为介词+名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+ 名词/动名词：admit to承认，confess to承认，be accustomed to 习惯于，be used to 习惯于，stick to 坚持，turn to开始，着手于，devote oneself to 献身于，be devoted to 致力于， look forward to 盼望，pay attention to

注意

省to 的动词不定式

1) 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)：

2) 使役动词 let, have, make：

3) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。

注意

在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。

I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.

The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.

4) would rather，had better：

5) Why… / why not…：

6) help 可带to，也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth：

7) but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。

8) 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：

9) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be：He is supposed (to be) nice.　他应该是个好人。举例：He wants to move to France and marry the girl. He wants to do nothing but go out. 比较：He wants to do nothing but go out. He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.

典型例题

1) ---- I usually go there by train.

---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?

A. to try going　 B.　trying to go　 C.　to try and go　 D.　try going

答案：D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选D。

2) Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard.

A. learn　 B. to learn　 C. learned　 D. learning

答案：B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。

动词不定式的否定式

Tell him not to shut the window…

She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。