A4

Engineers should embrace(接受) the arts, Sir John O'Reilly, a fellow of the Institution of Engineering and Technology, argued in a lecture.

About 59% of engineering companies in the IET's 2014 survey feared skill shortages could threaten(威胁) business.

"There is nothing as creative as engineering," Sir John told the reporter. He says science, technology, engineering and mathematics - often known as "Stem" subjects, are vital for a modern knowledge economy. But there is a massive shortfall in the number of recruits(招聘) - with a recent study by the Royal Academy of Engineering saying the UK needs to increase by as much as 50% the number of Stem graduates it produces.

Delivering this year's Mountbatten Lecture at the Royal Institution, Sir John argued that engineers should recognise the role of the arts in their work - among other benefits; this could attract more people into the profession. The lecture, Full Steam Ahead for Growth, advocated a wider adoption -- Steam, or science, technology, engineering, arts and maths. Engineers should embrace the arts as being key to creativity and an important component of innovation(创新), crucial to creating new products and boosting future competitiveness, he argued. "Engineering and technology is an increasingly diverse and creative field," said Sir John.

Some university engineering departments already cooperated with art schools to develop understanding, he told the reporter. In particular he mentioned Cranfield University's Centre for Creative Competitive Design and Imperial College's work with the Royal College of Art. The two sets of people could work well together and more emphasis on the creative side of engineering could improve the success of products, he said.

"Aesthetics(美学) is part of it," he told the reporter, adding that Apple's iPod was not the first digital media player, nor the only one that worked - but it came to dominate the market "because it was nice to have".

Sir John said he was not suggesting universities started requiring A-level art from engineering applicants - the key subjects for admission would continue to be maths and the sciences. But an emphasis on creative skills would help "broaden the pool and attract more people in".

12. According to the lecture Full Steam Ahead for Growth, _______.

A. engineers should cooperate with arts majors

B. Accepting the arts could attract more people into engineering

C. engineers should realize arts play the most important part in their work

D. engineering and technology is as diverse and creative as before

13. By giving the example of Apple's iPod, Sir John intends to _______.

A. stress the importance of arts

B. stress the importance of marketing

C. stress the importance of communication

D. stress the importance of science and technology

14. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. More university students should study arts instead of engineering.

B. Engineering and technology is increasingly different and unrelated fields.

C. The IET's skills survey raised concerns about the number of recruits to engineering.

D. Students from some university engineering departments have already transferred to art schools

15. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Lack of creativity makes it difficult for the engineering major to find a satisfactory job.

B. The key subjects for engineering majors remain to be maths and the sciences rather than arts.

C. University engineering departments should cooperate with art schools to improve the success of products.

D. Engineering needs to emphasize its creative side to encourage more young people to choose it as a career.

答案：12.B 13.A 14.C 15.D

解析：

STEM科目一般指科学、技术、工程和数学等，而最近英国的一份调查报告显示，攻读STEM课程的学生比例下降，英国STEM学科的发展前景令人堪忧。在文章中Sir John提出人们应该认识到工程学当中的艺术成分，呼吁更多年轻人进入这一领域。

12.B 细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容Sir John argued that engineers should recognise the role of the arts in their work - among other benefits; this could attract more people into the profession.可知认识到工程学中的艺术成分会吸引更多的人来从事这一行业。

13.A 推理判断题。在文章倒数第二、三段Sir John 提到艺术学校和工程专业学生的合作能够促进产品的成功的原因是“Aesthetics(美学)is part of it,”，然后以Apple’s iPod 为例，由此判断Sir John通过Apple’s iPod是想说明艺术在工程学方面的重要性。

14.C 细节理解题。通过文章第二、三段内容可知这份调查显示了在STEM研究学科方面人员的缺少，而且Sir John在调查中鼓励年轻人进入这一领域。

15.D 主旨大意题。本文是一篇调查报告，在首段先提出Engineers should embrace the arts,进而指出在STEM研究学科方面人员的缺少，然后在下文呼吁人们要强调工程学中的艺术方面，以此吸引更多的年轻人从事这一行业，由此判断本文中心内容是要人们意识到工程学中创新的一面从而鼓励年轻人从事这一行业。故答案选D

B1

Exercise seems to be good for the human brain, with many recent studies suggesting that regular exercise improves memory and thinking skills. But an interesting new study asks whether the apparent cognitive benefits from exercise are real or just a placebo effect — that is, if we think we will be “smarter” after exercise, do our brains respond accordingly? The answer has significant implications for any of us hoping to use exercise to keep our minds sharp throughout our lives.

While many studies suggest that exercise may have cognitive benefits, recently some scientists have begun to question whether the apparently beneficial effects of exercise on thinking might be a placebo effect. So researchers at Florida State University in Tallahassee and the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign decided to focus on expectations, on what people anticipate that exercise will do for thinking. If people’s expectations jibe (吻合) closely with the actual benefits, then at least some of those improvements are probably a result of the placeb o effect and not of exercise.

For the new study, which was published last month in PLOS One, the researchers recruited 171 people through an online survey system, they asked half of these volunteers to estimate by how much a stretching and to ning regimens (拉伸运动) performed three times a week might improve various measures of thinking. The other volunteers were asked the same questions, but about a regular walking program.

In actual experiments, stretching and toning program generally have little if any impact on people’s cognitive skills. Walking, on the other hand, seems to substantially improve thinking ability.

But the survey respondents believed the opposite, estimating that the stretching and toning program would be more beneficial for the mind than walking. The estimates of benefits from walking were lower.

These data, while they do not involve any actual exercise, are good news for people who do exercise. “The results from our study suggest that the benefits of aerobic exercise are not a placebo effect,” said Cary Stothart, a graduate student in cognitive psychology at Florida State University, who led the study.

If expectations had been driving the improvements in cognition seen in studies after exercise, Mr. Stothart said, then people should have expected walking to be more beneficial for thinking than stretching. They didn’t, implying that the changes in the brain and thinking after exercise are physiologically genuine.

The findings are strong enough to suggest that exercise really does change the brain and may, in the process, improve thinking, Mr. Stothart said. That conclusion should encourage scientists to look even more closely into how, at a molecular level, exercise remodels the human brain, he said. It also should encourage the rest of us to move, since the benefits are, it seems, not imaginary, even if they are in our head.

1. Why did the researchers at the two universities conduct the research?

A. To discover the placebo effect in the exercise.

B. To prove the previous studies have a big drawback.

C. To test whether exercise can really improve cognition.

D. To encourage more scientists to get involved in the research.

2. What can we know about the research Cary Stothart and his team carried out?

A. They employed 171 people to take part in the actual exercise.

B. The result of the research removed the recent doubt of some scientists.

C. The participants thought walking had a greater impact on thinking ability.

D. Their conclusion drives scientists to do research on the placebo effect.

3. What might be the best title for the passage?

A. Is it necessary for us to take exercise? B. How should people exercise properly?

C. What makes us smarter during exercise? D. Does exercise really make us smarter?

答案：1.C 2.B 3.D

解析

本文针对运动是否有益大脑认知这一现象展开讨论，搬出了一个由大学合作得出的结论，的确有益，可信度较高。看来四肢发达的人不见得头脑简单哦!

1.C 细节理解题。第二段第一句recently some scientists have begun to question whether the apparently beneficial effects of exercise on thinking might be a placebo effect, 句意：最近一些科学家开始质疑，运动对思维有益的显著效果是不是一种安慰剂效应。由此得知，To test whether exercise can really improve cognition实验论证是两所大学实验的目的。

2.B 细节理解题。第六段第二句Cary Stothart说的话The results from our study suggest that the benefits of aerobic exercise are not a placebo effect, 句意：我们的实验结果表明有氧健身(对大脑)的益处不是一种安慰剂效应。由此The result of the research removed the recent doubt of some scientists.便移除了那些科学家质疑的念头。

3.D 主旨大意题。Does exercise really make us smarter? 运动使人聪明吗?全文围绕这一观点展开讨论，举出两所大学合作实验的成功案列来作为论据。其他选型偏离太大.

B2

The current Ebola (埃博拉病毒) outbreak in western and central Africa has infected at least 3,069 people, including 1,552 dead, making it the largest outbreak in history. Ebola is a deadly virus —about 60 percent of people infected with it have died.

How is Ebola doing its harm?

When a person becomes infected with Ebola, the virus damages the body’s immune (免疫的) cells, which defend against infection, said a researcher at Lancaster University. But if a person’s immune system can stand up to this attack, then he is more likely to survive the disease.

The patients that survive it best are those who don’t get such a bad disadvantage in immune system. But if the body isn’t able to get rid of this attack, then the immune system becomes less able to regulate (调节) itself. This means the immune system is more likely to run out of control, leading to a drop in blood pressure, multi-organ failure and eventually death.

What are the common symptoms of the disease?

Fever. Headache. Joint and muscle aches. Weakness. Diarrhea. Vomiting. Stomach pain. Lack of appetite. Chills. Rash. Redness in the eyes. Hiccups. Cough. Sore throat. Chest pain. Difficult breathing or swallowing. Bleeding inside and outside of the body.

How to prevent the spread of Ebola?

Ebola can be spread primarily via direct contact with patients, specifically the blood and fluids of an infected patient.

We should avoid contact with infected patients and objects such as clothing, bedding, and needles used by them. Avoid areas where infections have been reported. For now, the disease has only been confirmed in central and West Africa, four cases in America and Europe. Avoid eating wild-caught bush meat. Researchers have suspected that the disease came to humans via animals, probably through the meat of primates(灵长类). If you’re in an area where the disease has been reported, avoid purchasing, eating, or handling wild game to stay on the safe side.

Wear protective medical clothing if you’re around infected patients. Extreme caution is necessary. Hospital workers must use masks, gloves, goggles, and gowns, which needed to be worn at all times if you’re around infected patients.

How Do People Survive Ebola?

Doctors don’t know for certain who will survive Ebola, and there is no specific treatment or cure for the disease. Although in the minority, some people do recover from infection.

Our suggestions include:

Maintain your electrolytes (电解质) and body liquid. Sports drinks can be used. Monitor your blood pressure and control it if necessary. Dropping blood pressure may be a serious sign of infection. Breathe in an oxygen-rich environment. Quickly address any symptoms of infection. Be honest about when and where you’re feeling pain.

4. Ebola causes the death of a human being by ________.

A. attacking him with high fever B. regulating his immune system

C. damaging his immune cells D. harming all his organs directly

5. What is NOT mentioned as the symptom of Ebola?

A. Fever and chi lls. B. Swallowing difficulty.

C. Loss of blood. D. High blood pressure.

6. In order not to be infected by Ebola, we should _________.

A. have the clothing of the infected cleaned B. avoid eating wild animals like monkeys

C. not travel to Africa, America or Europe D. stay at home without going anywhere

7. It is true that ________.

A. a certain number of people survive Ebola B. human has found a special cure for Ebola

C. oxygen can save infected people’s lives D. low blood pressure is surely caused by Ebola

答案：4.C 5.D 6.B 7.A

解析：

当一个人被Ebola感染时，病毒就伤害了身体的免疫细胞。研究者怀疑疾病是通过动物传给人的，很可能是通过灵长类的肉。提醒人们避免吃野生野味。

4.C 细节理解题。根据第一小标题第一段第一句When a person becomes infected with Ebola, the virus damages the body’s immune(免疫的)cells, 当一个人被Ebola感染时,病毒就伤害了身体的免疫细胞。

5.D 细节理解题。根据第二小标题中Fever. Headache. Joint and muscle aches. Weakness. Diarrhea Vomiting. Stomach pain. Lack of appetite. Chills. Rash. Redness in the eyes. Hiccups. Cough. Sore throat. Chest pain. Difficult breathing or swallowing. Bleeding inside and outside of the body.从这里可知文中提到了Fever 发烧，Chills冷，Difficult breathing or swallowing呼吸或吞咽困难，Bleeding inside and outside of the body.血流到身体外面。文中未提到High blood pressure.高血压。

6.B 推理判断题。根据第三小标题第二段第三句 Avoid eating wild-caught bush meat. Researchers have suspected that the disease came to humans via animals, probably through the meat of primates(灵长类). 避免吃野生野味。研究者怀疑疾病是通过动物传给人的，很可能是通过灵长类的肉。

7.A 推理判断题。根据第四小标题第一段第二句 Although in the minority, some people do recover from infection.尽管是少数，一些人确实从感染中恢复了。

B3

The term “Industry 4.0” refers to the fourth industrial revolution. The first industrial revolution was the production of goods with machines like steam engines, which was followed by the second industrial revolution that introduced mass production with the help of electric power, followed by the digital revolution —the use of electronics and IT in production.

Industry 4.0 is a high-tech project, which promotes the computerization of manufacturing (制造业). The basic principle of Industry 4.0 is that by connecting machines, work pieces and systems, we are creating intelligent networks along the entire value chain that can control each other automatically. The goal is the Smart Factory, which adapts well and uses resources efficiently as well as linking customers and business partners with great intelligence. Technological basis are the Internet systems and advanced factories. Experts believe that Industry 4.0 could be a reality in about 10 to 20 years.

So, what effects does this change have on the classic manufacturing? According to an expert, “it is highly likely that the world of production will become more and more networked until everything is connected with everything else.” Networks and processes have so far been limited to one factory. But in the time of Industry 4.0, the boundaries (界限) of individual factories will most likely no longer exist. Instead, they will be lifted in order to inter-connect multiple factories or even geographical regions.

How is an Industry 4.0 factory different from a today’s factory? In current industry environment, providing high-end quality service or product with the least cost is the key to success. Factories are trying to increase their profit as much as possible. In the time of Industry 4.0, various data sources are available to provide worthwhile information about different aspects of the factory. Using data for understanding the current condition and checking faults and failures is a natural thing. The sharing of information around the clock and around the globe will enable these connected systems to manage themselves independently, work more efficiently and identify any errors quickly.

The good news is that Europe is much better prepared for the Industry 4.0 revolution than one might think. Europe will position itself as a pioneer in the fourth revolution. Industry 4.0 is a project in the high-tech strategy of the German government. Meanwhile, in the U.S., some companies are also working hard on it. But the success of industry depends on whether business and politics can work together. It’s not only politics that needs to help open the door for Industry 4.0. Every company is advised to seize the new digital opportunities.

8. What marks the coming of Industry 4.0?

A. Steam engines. B. Mass production. C. Use of electronics. D. Intelligent networks.

9. Industry 4.0 will probably result in ________ in the world of manufacturing.

A. production limited to an individual factory B. everything connected with everything else

C. networks and processes no longer existing D. classic factories stopping their competition

10What’s the meaning of the underlined part in Para. 4?

A. Sharing information of the world time. B. Global news broadcast at any time.

C. Instant worldwide information exchange. D. Spreading news widely on the hour.

11. According to the last paragraph, who is the most active in pushing Industry 4.0?

A. The European companies. B. The American government.

C. The American companies. D. The German government.

答案：8.D 9.B 10.C 11.D

解析：

Industry 4.0 是一个高科技项目，是第四次革命。Industry 4.0的最基本原则是通过连接机器和工作系统，创造智能网络。欧洲使自己处于第四次革命的先锋，其中德国最为活跃。

8.D 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句The basic principle of Industry 4.0 is that by connecting machines, work pieces and systems, we are creating intelligent networks along the entire value chain that can control each other automatically. Industry 4.0 的最基本原则是通过连接机器和工作系统，我们沿着能互相自动控制的整个价值链条正在创造智能网络。

9.B 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句 According to an expert, “it is highly likely that the world of production will become more and more networked until everything is connected with everything else.” 按着一位专家说的，很可能产品的世界将变得越来越网络化直到每样东西与其他的每样东西连接在一起。

10.C词义猜测题。根据第四段第六句 The sharing of information around the clock and around the globe will enable these connected systems to manage themselves independently, work more efficiently and identify any errors quickly. 忙碌的、广泛的信息分享将使这些连接系统自主地管理他们自己，更加有效地工作和快速地验证错误。可知划线部分的意思是快速、广泛的信息交换.

11.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段第二、三句Europe will position itself as a pioneer in the fourth revolution Industry 4.0 is a project in the high-tech strategy of the German government.欧洲使自己处于第四次革命的先锋。Industry 4.0 是德国政府高科技策略的一个项目。

B4

“One City One Book” is a generic name (通称) for a community reading program that attempts to get everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book. Popular book picks have been Harper Lee’s To Kill a Mockingbird，Ernest Gaines’s A Lesson Before Dying，and Ray Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451.

“One City One Book” programs take the idea of a localized book discussion club and expand it to cover a whole city. The first such program was “If All of Seattle Read the Same Book” in 1998，started by Nancy Pearl at Seattle Public Library’s Washington Center for the Book. The book chosen for the program was The Sweet Hereafter by Russell Banks，written in 1991.Other cities copied the idea，and the L ibrary of Congress listed 404 programs occurring in 2007.

Each city’s program has its own goals;These typically include building a sense of community and promoting literacy. Nancy Pearl warns against expecting too much from a program：“Keep in mind that this is a library program，it’s not an exercise in civics，and that it’s not intended to have literature cure the racial divide. This is about a work of literature.”

Programs typically involve more than having everyone read the same book. Some other activities that have been included are：book discussion sessions，scholarly lectures on the book or related topics，a visit by the author，exhibits，related arts programming (especially showing a movie of the book if there is one)，and integration into school curricula. In Boston the “One City One Story” program used shorter stories and distributed tens of thousands of free copies of the story over the course of a month.

American Library Association puts out a detailed step-by-step guide on how to organize a local program，including the critical step of picking the one book. The Center for the Book at the Library of Congress tracks all known programs and the books they have used.

12.“One City One Book” programs________.

A.ask everyone in a city to donate one book

B.can rid a city of racial divide through reading

C.choose short stories for people to read

D.encourage everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book

13.We know from the second paragraph that “One City One Book” programs________.

A.became popular very quickly

B.have been held more than 400 times in Seattle

C.were sponsored by the Library of Congress

D.reached its peak in 2007

14.We can infer from the third paragraph that Nancy Pearl________.

A.expects much from the programs

B.doesn’t expect that the programs would run so well

C.has a practical attitude towards the programs

D.believes the programs will push forward community building

15.What kind of role does American Library Association play in the programs?

A.It picks out the city which runs the programs well.

B.It gives free books to the host city.

C.It gives a practical guide to the programs.

D.It keeps a record of all known programs.

答案：12.D 13.A 14.C 15.C

解析：

本文是说明文，介绍了美国开展的“一个城市，一本书”的读书活动。

12.D 细节理解题。从文章第一段第一句可知，这个活动旨在让同一个城市的人们读同一本书并共同评论这本书。

13.A 推理判断题。从文章第二段可知，当西雅图在1998年首先推出这个活动以后，其他城市也纷纷效仿，到2007年这个活动已经在400多个城市推出，可见这个活动流行得非常迅速。

14.C 推理判断题。从文章第三段中Nancy Pearl的话可知，她警告人们不要对这个活动期望太多，说明她对这个活动持有十分务实的态度。

15.C 细节理解题。从文章最后一段可知，美国图书馆协会负责具体指导活动的开展。

第二节

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A

I have collected some examples that should be an inspiration to anyone who desires to be successful. They show that if you want to succeed you should expect failure along the way. I actually believe that failure can encourage you on and make you try even harder. 16 The Truly successful things won’t be beaten, they take responsibility for failure, learn from it and start all over from a stronger position.

Walt Disney---one of the greatest business leaders who created the global Disney empire of film studios, theme parks and consumer products didn’t start off successful. 17 Believe it or not, Walt was fired from an early job at the Kansas City Star Newspaper because he was not creative enough! In 1922 he started his first company called Laugh-O-Gram. The Kansas based on business would produce cartoons and short advertising films. 18 Walt didn’t give up, he packed up, went to Hollywood and started The Walt Disney Company.

Bill Gates — co-founder and chairman of Microsoft set up a business called Traf-O-Data. The partnership between him, Paul Allen and Paul Gilbert was based on a good idea but a flawed business model that left the company with few customers. 19 However, Bill Gates and Paul Allen took what they learned and avoided those mistakes when they created the Microsoft empire.

20 I hope that these are inspiration and motivation for everyone who aspires to be successful in whatever way they choose. Do you agree or disagree with me?

A. So, the one thing successful people never do is: Give up!

B. In 1923, the business went bankrupt.

C. He was greatly depressed.

D. Every experience of failure increases the hunger for success.

E. The company ran up losses between 1974 and 1980 before it was closed.

F. Many factors may affect your success.

G. Before the great success came a number of failures.

答案：

16. D 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. A

B

Social Phobia

When people feel so self-conscious and anxious that it prevents them from speaking up or socializing most of the time, it's probably more than shyness. 16 People with social phobia can usually interact easily with family and a few close friends. But meeting new people, talking in a group, or speaking in public can cause their extreme shyness to kick in. 17

With social phobia, a person's fears and concerns are focused on their social performance — whether it’s a major class presentation or small talk at the lockers. 18 They’re also sensitive to fears that they'll be embarrassed, look foolish, make a mistake, or be criticized or laughed at. Then they start to focus on the embarrassing things that could happen, instead of the good things. This makes a situation seem much worse than it is, and influences a person to avoid it.

19 People with social phobia can learn to manage fear, develop confidence and coping skills, and stop avoiding things that make them anxious. But it's not always easy. Overcoming social phobia means getting up the courage it takes to go beyond what's comfortable, little by little.

First, we can help people create a plan for facing social fears one by one, and help them build the skills and confidence to do it. This includes practicing new behaviors. Sometimes medications that reduce anxiety are also used as part of the treatment for social phobia. 20

They can encourage people with social phobia to pick a small goal to aim for, remind them to go for it, and be there when they might feel discouraged. Good friends and family are also there to celebrate each small success along the way.

Dealing with social phobia takes patience, courage to face fears and try new things, and the willingness to practice. It takes a commitment to go forward rather than back away when feeling shy.

A. And family or friends are especially important.

B. It may be an anxiety condition called social phobia.

C. They feel uncomfortable about being noticed or judged by others.

D. So they avoid enjoying social activities, which can get in the way of life.

E. Social phobia is a fear reaction to something that isn't actually dangerous

F. Social phobia can be turned around with some focused slow but steady effort.

G. Each small step forward helps build enough confidence to take the next small step.

答案：

16. B 17. D 18. C 19. G 20. A

第二部分 英语知识运用(共4小题)

第一节 完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Everyone enjoys a fitting reply; it is wonderful to say the right thing at the right time!

When I was a senior in high school, I 21 knew I wanted to pursue writing as a career.

Writing had basically 22 me when I was only 7 years old, 23 since that time, I’d been bombarded by guidance counselors and career planners who all 24 me to have “a back-up plan” in case writing didn’t work out.

I’d never even 25 a different career path, so I was very 26 and worried. After much thought, I decided 27 would be my “back-up plan,” and I signed up for a class through my high school.

This 28 that every morning, I would serve as a teacher’s helper for my favorite 6th grade teacher, Mr. Ralston. Morning after morning, I showed up in Mr. Ralston’s classroom and 29 papers for him.

Sometimes, I even 30 a lesson or two. It was fun, and the students seemed to like me, so I was surprised when it came time for my 31 . Mr. Ralston looked me right in the eyes and asked, “Do you really want to teach?”

“Had I really been that 32 ?” I thought.

“Don’t misunderstand. You’ll do fine in teaching,” he continued. “But, is your 33 really in it?”

“Not really,” I 34 . “I want to write. I want to write news stories and fiction and poetry and so much more…but I’ve been told it’s tough to make it as a writer 35 I thought maybe I would teach and then use my summers 36 to pursue writing.”

As I shared with Mr. Ralston my hopes, dreams and carefully plotted-out back-up plan, he smiled and said, “Why are you preparing to 37 with this back-up plan? If you want to be a writer, go for it! Pursue writing!”

Mr. Ralston’s 38 to follow my dreams was the little nudge I needed to help me push past my 39 of not making it as a writer and simply “Go for it!”

That’s what an encouraging word will do when spoken in love in 40 season. So, let’s try and be like Mr. Ralston and speak that word of encouragement at just the right time and make a difference in someone’s life today.

21. A. even B. never C. already D. also

22. A. reminded B. entertained C. accompanied D. chosen

23. A. or B. and C. for D. but

24. A. urged B. forced C. taught D. persuaded

25. A. created B. taken C. considered D. examined

26. A. embarrassed B. confused C. annoyed D. frightened

27. A. writing B. teaching C. studying D. compiling

28. A. meant B. indicated C. suggested D. revealed

29. A. read B. set C. graded D. composed

30. A. reviewed B. skipped C. took D. presented

31. A. application B. evaluation C. instruction D. qualification

32. A. transparent B. shallow C. superior D. ambitious

33. A. eye B. mind C. heart D. focus

34. A. interrupted B. joked C. admitted D. apologized

35. A. unless B. if C. because D. so

36. A. up B. apart C. along D. off

37. A. fail B. follow C. depart D. compete

38. A. encouragement B. determination C. tendency D. attempt

39. A. dreams B. fears C. regrets D. mistakes

40. A. peak B. low C. due D. new

解析：

本文讲述我于青葱时期在人生道路一次关于择业的选择，Mr. Ralston 的鼓励使我坚信自己能在写作这条艰辛的道路上前行，对此我感激不尽。

21.C 考查副词辨析。A.甚至;B.从不;C.已经;D.也。由When I was a senior in high school, I even knew I wanted to pursue writing as a career得知作者在高中时就已经知道自己想当一名作家。故选A

22.D 考查动词辨析。A.提醒;使想起;B.娱乐;招待;C.陪伴，伴随;伴奏;D.选择。Writing had basically chosen me when I was only 7 years old 得知作者7岁那年被选中去写作。故选D

23.D 考查连词辨析。A.或许;B.和，并且;C.因为;D.但是。由后文得知周边人都有在建议我留后路 in case writing didn’t work out, 以防写不出名堂来。but表转折，故选D

24.A 考查动词辨析。A.规劝，督促;B.强迫;C.教授 D.说服，劝说。have “a back-up plan”, 制定一个B计划。只是在建议，并不是完全在极力阻拦。故选A

25.C 考查动词辨析。A.创造;B.拿，带走;C。考虑;认为;D.检查;调查。I’d never even considered a different career path,我甚至从未考虑过别的职业生涯。其余选项不符文意。故选C

26.B 考查形容词辨析。A.尴尬的;B. 困惑的;C.恼怒的;D.害怕的。到了人生的十字路口，so I was very confused and worried, 十分困惑和担忧。故选B

27.B 考查名词辨析。A.书写;作品;著作;B.教学;教义;C.研究;D.编译。由后文 I would serve as a teacher’s helper 得知我去做了助教，所以这里I decided teaching would be my back-up plan, B计划是从事教育。故选B

28. A 考查动词辨析。A.意味;打算B.表明;暗示;C.建议，表明;D.透露;显示。This suggested that every morning 这意味着每天早晨，(我都要去当一名助教)。故选A

29.C 考查动词辨析。A.阅读;读懂，理解;B.树立;点燃;点缀;C.评分;把•••分等级;D.构成;写作;使平静;排•••的版。and graded papers for him帮他评卷。助教的工作。故选C

30.D 考查动词辨析。A.回顾;检查;复审;B.跳过;遗漏;C.拿，带走;D呈现;赠送。Sometimes，I even presented a lesson or two有时我甚至还能讲一两节课。故选D

31.B 考查名词辨析。A.应用;申请;应用程序;敷用;B.评价;求值;C.指令，命令;指示;教导;用法说明;D.资格;条件;限制;赋予资格。由后文学生的问话得知，学生们觉得我教的不错。So I was surprised when it came time for my evaluation 我惊讶于得知他们对我的评价。故选B

32.A 考查形容词辨析。A.透明的;显然的;坦率的;易懂的;B.浅的;肤浅的;C.上级的;优秀的，出众的;高傲的;D野心勃勃的;有雄心的。Had I really been that transparent? 我有那么明显吗?我其实是想写作，当老师只是B计划。故选A

33.C 考查名词辨析。A.眼睛;B.大脑;理智，精神;意见;智力;记忆力;C.心;D.焦点;中心;清晰;焦距。But, is your heart really in it? 但是你真的心甘情愿吗?故选C

34.C 考查动词辨析。A. 中断;打断;插嘴;妨碍;B.开玩笑;C.承认;D.道歉。“Not really,” I admitted 我被识破 后如实承认了。其他选项欠佳。故选C

35.D 考查连词辨析。A. 除非;B.如果;C.因为;D.所以。It’s tough to make it as a writer so I thought maybe I would teach从事写作很难所以我试想我也许能教书。So 表顺承。故选D

36.D 考查词组搭配。A.向上;B.分开;C.单独;D.完毕。then use my summers off to pursue writing 然后我利用暑假继续写作。summers off 暑假，词组搭配。故选D

37.A 考查的动词辨析。A.失败;B.跟随;C.离开;D.完成。由后文得知Mr. Ralston鼓励我去追逐自己梦想，便反问我一句何苦失败去选B计划呢Why are you preparing to fail with this back-up plan? 故选A

38.A 考查名词辨析。A.鼓励;B决心;C趋势;D.企图。由If you want to be a writer, go for it! Pursue writing! 得知Mr. Ralston 鼓励我去追逐自己梦想，故Mr. Ralston’s encouragement to follow my dreams, 故选A

39.B 考查名词辨析。A.梦想;B.恐惧;C.后悔;D.失误。Mr. Ralston的鼓励排除了我从事写作的恐惧，push past my fears of not making it as a writer. 故选B

40.C考查形容词辨析。A.巅峰;B.低谷;C.应有的;D新的。spoken in love in due season在合适的时候给予爱的鼓励。in due season恰逢其时。故选C

B

In a recent airing of "Unsolved Mysteries", there was a young boy who was the victim of the holocaust(大屠杀).He'd been 21 in a work camp for several years and somehow had managed to survive the 22 of his imprisonment.

The story was of a boy - now in his sixties - and his quest to find an American soldier who had 23 a kindness to him by 24 some food. It might seem 25,but to this child, who had seen nothing but 26 and inhumanity for__27 he could remember, it was a 28 that marked a turning point in his life, for he had lost hope .When he was liberated by the American forces, he was dying. He 29 needed food. As he was staggering along the road, a young soldier 30 down from his tank and gave him some of his supplies. 31 this one act of generosity, a kind American had aroused the 32 again that there really was some good in the world. And the boy never 33 it. The boy later went to America, raised a family, became successful and worked hard to repay the 34 he had received with his own.

Actually there were so many similar acts of generosity that it would be almost impossible to know 36 who the soldier was.

We all have a choice: to create more light in the world. As Confucius 36 over 2500 years ago, "It is better to light one small candle than to 37 the darkness."

As the story above so nicely 38 : small gestures can often generate huge 39 .If we're constantly 40 and doing kind acts, we will no doubt bring more joy into the world around us as well as into our own world!

21. A. stationed B. placed C. distributed D. treated

22. A. horror B. embarrassment C .relief D. annoyance

23. A. held on B. agreed on C. focused on D. passed on

24. A. guaranteeing B. offering C. presenting D. contributing

25. A. unbelievable B. troublesome C. insignificant D. convenient

26. A. difficulty B. curiosity C. sympathy D. cruelty

27. A. as long as B. as good as C. as well as D. as much as

28. A. wave B. fate C. gesture D. duty

29. A. highly B. mostly C. hopefully D. badly

30. A. moved B. jumped C. turned D. dashed

31. A. Upon B. Besides C. With D. Beyond

32. A. honesty B. loyalty C. trust D. belief

33. A. forgot B. remembered C. delivered D. reflected

34. A. food B. mercy C. kindness D. credit

35. A. for example B. for ever C. for free D. for sure

36. A. made it B. put it C. took it D. got it

37. A. curse B. pray C. swear D. appreciate

38. A. declares B. argues C. illustrates D. expands

39. A. congratulations B. blessings C. belongings D. consequences

40. A. looking for B. adapting to C. meeting with D. bringing up

解析：

本文讲的是集中营里的一位小男孩因为受到美国士兵的帮助而得以幸存，并且因此来到美国，通过自己的努力，最终获得成功，并且寻求报恩的故事。

21.B, 在最近的一次播出的“神秘未解之谜”,有一位大屠杀的年轻受害者，他被安置在囚犯劳动营里几年。Place有“安置”的意思。

22.A，被监禁是一种恐怖的事，所以答案选A。

23.D，pass on 传递，那位美国士兵曾经非常善良的给他食物。Pass on a kindness 传递善良。

24.B，offer 主动提供，这里指的是美国士兵主动给他食物。

25.C ，insignificant 无关紧要的，这对于别人可能是无关紧要的，但是对于这位小男孩却是事关生死的事。

26.D，与inhumanity(不人道)并列，只能选D， cruelty(残忍)，小男孩在监狱里，天天见到的只有不人道和残忍，没有任何人间温情。

27.A，as long as 和……一样长，这里指的是他所有所能记得事。

28.C，gesture 姿势，手势，这里是“标志”这标志这他生命的一个转折点。

29.D，badly 非常，当最后美国士兵把他解救的时候，他就快死了，这时他非常需要食物。

30.B，一位美国士兵从坦克车上跳下来，把自己的食物分给了他一点。

31.C，with 由于，就是由于这一慷慨帮助行为，这位美国士兵又唤醒了这位男孩的信仰：在世界的某个地方一定会有食物。这里指的是美国，一直是美国士兵在帮助他。

32.D，参照上题。

33.A，男孩永远不会忘记这件事。

34.C，男孩来到美国后，努力工作去回报自己所受到的善良帮助。

35.D，这样的帮助行为太多了，以至于不能确切知道是那位士兵帮助了他，for sure 确切的。

36.B，put 这儿是“说、表达”，就像孔子所说的一样。

37.A，It is better to light a candle than to curse the darkness，与其诅咒黑暗 不如点起一根蜡烛。Curse 诅咒。

38.C，illustrate 阐明，上面这个故事很好的阐明了小行为可以激发大感恩。也就是所谓的收人点水之恩，当以涌泉相报。

39.B，blessing 祝福，感恩。

40.A，look for 寻找，发现善良的行为。