Answers: (1) 在……旁边 (2) 被动语态 (3) by + V-ing形式

【运用】根据提示，用含有by的短语完成各句。

1) Annie went to Beijing _______ (乘火车) yesterday.

2) His grandfather made a living _________ (靠卖水果) in the past.

3) The scientists have to arrive at the village _________ (八月以前).

4) Allen goes _______________ (经过邮局) on his way to school every

morning.

5) The book was written ____________ (由几个工程师).

Answers: 1) by train 2) by selling fruits 3) by August 4) by the post office 5) by several engineers

2. What about reading aloud to practice pronunciation?

大声朗读来练习发音怎么样?

辨析aloud, loud和loudly

aloud出声地;大声地。常与read/ call等词连用, 不用于比较级。

e.g. Don’t read aloud in the library. 不要在图书馆大声朗读。

loud 大声地;喧闹地。指说话声和笑声，常与talk/ speak/ laugh/ sing等词连用, 常用比较级。

e.g. We can’t hear you. Please speak louder.

我们听不到你的声音。请再大声点。

loudly 高声地;喧闹地。可以和loud互换，含有“吵闹”的意思，不悦耳。

What about/ How about…?

后跟名词，代词或v.-ing。用于征求意见。

e.g. What about a cup of tea? 喝杯茶怎么样?

How about you? 你呢?

What /How about going to the zoo this afternoon?

今天下午去动物园怎么样?

3. It’s too hard to understand spoken English.

句中的it是形式主语, 不定式短语to understand spoken English是真正的主语。该句句型为: It’s+too+adj.+ (for sb.)+to do sth. 意思是“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”。如：

It’s too important to keep healthy.

It’s difficult for him to learn two languages.

【链接】

too ... to ... 结构常表示“太……而不能……”, too后面接形容词或副词, to后面接动词原形。如：

The room is too dirty to live in.

He walks too slowly to get there on time.

【运用】

将下面的句子翻译成英语。

1) 孩子们在那条河里游泳是危险的。

It’s dangerous for the children to swim in that river.

2) 晚饭后散步太有必要了。

It’s too necessary to take a walk after supper.

3) 水太烫, 不能喝。

The water is too hot to drink.

Step 10 Exercises