注意：neither和of连用，后接物主代词、名词等限定的复数名词时，其谓语动词用单数形式;另外，neither的意思是“两者中任何一个都不”，指人或指物，是单数概念，用于没有冠词、物主代词，指示代词等限定的单数名词前，其谓语动词用单数形式。例如：

Neither of the flowers is beautiful.

两朵花都不好看。

Neither of them is teacher.

他们俩都不是老师。

Neither story is interesting.

两个故事都没有趣味。

Neither answer is right.

两个答案没有一个是正确的。

I like neither school – bag.

两个书包我都不喜欢。

3. Dig a hole large enough for the tree.

给树挖一个足够大的坑。

enough“足够的”，修饰形容词或副词时，要放在被修饰词之后;修饰名词时，可以放在名词前也可以放在名词后。

My brother has enough money /money enough to buy his own car now.

我兄弟有足够的钱可以买一辆自己的小汽车。

He is tall enough to reach the apples on the tree.

他够高的了可以够到树上的苹果了。

Li Ming is studying hard enough to catch up with other students.

李明学习很努力可以追上其他同学了。

4. Knock a long, strong stick into the earth in the hole.

在坑里插入一根长而粗的棍子。

knock sth. into… 把……插进(钉进)……，knock at (on) 敲……;另外knock into可以表示“碰撞”解。例如：

Don’t knock the nail into the chair.

不要把钉子钉进椅子里去。

Listen! Someone is knocking at (on) the door.

听!有人在敲门。

The young man knocked into me yesterday.

昨天那年轻人撞了我。

5. Made sure that it is straight.

确保树是直立的.

make sure表示“弄确实;核实;查证”。make sure常用于祈使句，后面常接that宾语从句或of介词短语。Make sure + that从句意为“弄明白;确信”。Make sure + of + 代词/名词，意思也是“弄明白;确信”。例如：

— Make sure of his coming before you set off.

— I make sure (that) he would come.

— 出发之前要确定他是否来。

— 我确信他会来。

另外，be sure + 不定式大多数情况下也用于祈使句，表示“务必;一定要;不要忘记”。

例如：

Be sure to come to our party if you have time.

如果有时间的话请一定来。

Be sure to finish the work as soon as possible.

请务必尽快完成这项工作。

6. Tie the tree to the top of the stick to keep it straight.

把树系在棍子的顶部让他直着。

(1) tie  v.“系上”;n.“领带，领结”;tie…to…意为“把……系在……”。

She tied his horse to a tree by the road.

他把马拴在路旁的一棵树上。

She bought a tie for her husband yesterday.

她昨天给她丈夫买了条领带。

(2) to keep it straight 是动词不定式，在句中作状语，表示捆树的目的。keep it straight 为“动+ 宾 + 宾补”结构，如：

Youd better keep your room clean. 你最好使你的房间保持清洁。

Dont touch the machine. You must keep yourselves away from any danger. 别动机器，你该保证自己的安全。

7. But more “Great Green Walls” are still needed, and not only in China.

但是，更多的绿色长城仍旧需要，这不仅在中国。

not only 能常和but also连用，意思是“不但……而且……”，可以连接两个主语、谓语、宾语等，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词应和第二个主语在人称和数上保持一致，also往往可以省略。例如：

She is good at not only dancing but (also) singing. She is both a dancer and a singer.

她不但善长跳舞，而且善长唱歌。(连接两个宾语)她是个舞蹈家和歌唱家。

Not only you but (also) your sister has to get to school on time. Being on time is a must.

不仅你而且你妹妹都得按时到校。守时是必须的。

8. Many thousands of trees must be planted every year.

每年必须种植成千上万棵树。

(1)thousands of这种类型的结构前面已讲述过，它的前面不可用具体的数字，可用不确定数目的修饰语，如some, many, several等。

Some hundreds of people watched the match.

好几百人观看比赛。

(2)plant / grow

这两个动词都有“种”的意思，区别如下：

1) plant“种植”，及物或不及物均可，常指移植已长成秧苗的植物，可用于“plant+场地+with”结构。如：

They planted trees in the garden. = They planted the garden with trees. 他们在花园里种树。

April is time to plant. 四月是种植季节。

2)grow“栽培;(人或草本等)生长”，及物或不及物均可，常指使某种植物从种子起在某地生长，不移走。如：

They grow roses in the greenhouse. 他们在温室里栽培玫瑰花。

Do all plants grow from seeds? 所有的植物都从种子长成的吗?

3) 指种植花草，用grow或plant均可;指种植树木，一般用plant;指种植农作物，用grow。如：

We have grown / planted a lot of flowers this summer. 我们夏天栽培了许多花。

People in the south grow rice. 南方人种植水稻。

9. The more, The better.

越多越好。

So the more trees there are, the better harvests we have.

因此树木越多，我们的收成也越好。

the +比较级 + …，the + 比较级 +…。这个句型的意思是“越……，越……”。例如：

The busier the farmers are, the happier they feel. The more students read, the better their English will be. The longer plant grows, the better.

农民们越忙越高兴。学生读得越多，他们的英语会越好。庄稼的生长期越长，长得越好。

10. In a few years’ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too.

几年之后，那些山上也将栽满了树。

in a few years’ time意思是“几年时间之后”，类似的用法还有：In two days’ time, in three months’ time等。例如：

In two days’ time, the work will be finished.

两天的时间，就能完成此项工作。

11. Was it difficult to work on the Great Green Wall?

从事绿色长城工作难吗?

It + is / was + 形容词 + 不定式。这种句型中不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语。例如：

It’s best to plant trees in spring.

最好在春季植树。

It’s best to read English every day.

最好每天读英语。

It’s interesting to play games with Children.

和孩子们一起做游戏是很有趣的。

12. But thanks to the Great Green Wall, the land produces more crops.

但是幸亏有绿色长城，土地长出了更多的庄稼。

thanks to幸亏，由于。thanks为名词，常用复数。例如：

Thanks to your help, we were successful. Thanks to the policeman, the old man was brought home.

由于你的帮助，我们成功了。多亏了警察，老人被送回了家。

13. The Great Green Wall is 7, 000 kilometres long, and between 400 and 1, 700 kilometres wide.

绿色长城有7000公里长，400到1700公里宽。

(1)计量的表达法是：

主语+ be+数词+metres / kilometers + long/ wide/ high/ tall/ deep等形容词。例如：

The river is about 100 metres deep. The mountain is nearly 4, 000 kilometres high.

这条河大约有100米深。这座山有近4000米高。

Our classroom is ten metres long and seven metres wide.

我们的教室十米长，七米宽。

(2)分数表达法：分子用基数词计数，分母用序数词计数，同时分子是1以上的数字，分母用复数形式;分子为1时，分母采用单数形式。l/2:one second; l/3:a third; 2/5:two fifths等。特殊的表达法有：a half, a quarter, three quarters等。

14. — Is it straight?

— More or less!

— 它直吗?

— 有一点儿直!

more or less“差不多;大概”相当于about。

The road is two hundred metres long, more or less.

这条路大概有两百米长。

The exercises are more or less finished.

作业快要做完了。

15. Children under 1.2m in height can not be taken into the concert hall.

1.2米以下的孩子禁止带入会场。

height 为名词，形容词为high. 1.2 m in height 意为 1.2m high。如：

— What is his height?

— He is six feet in height (=He is six feet high.)

— 他有多高?

— 他有六英尺高。

关于含有情态动词的被动语态的讲解

※含有情态动词的被动语态的构成

前两个单元已学过一般现在时态和一般过去时态的被动语态的构成，以及被动语态的用法。本单元学习含有情态动词的被动语态。它的构成形式是：情态动词+ be + 动词的过去分词;否定式是在情态动词后 + not, 疑问式是将情态动词放于主语之前。情态动词有：can, may, must, school, could, have to等。例如：We must find out the truth . → The truth must be found out .

(1)The trees must be planted in spring.

树必须春天栽。

(2)May the exercises be done tomorrow?

练习可以明天做吗?

(3)Books can not be taken out of the reading-room.

书不能带出阅览室。

(4)These young trees should be watered every day.

这些小树应每天浇水。

(5)The sick person need be taken good care of.

那病人需要很好地照顾。

(6)Your bike has to be mended well.

你的自行车需好好修修了。

※ 被动语态与系表结构的区别

动词 be + 过去分词这个结构并不定都是被动语态结构，有时它可能是 be + 过去分词 ( 作表语 ) 的系表结构。因此：

be + 过去分词 ( 被动语态 ) 与 be + 过去分词 ( 作表语 ) 这两种结构的主要差别是：

①被动结构表示一个动作，带表语的结构表示主语的特点或所处的状态。如：

The library is now closed . ( 系表结构 )

It is usually closed at 6 . ( 被动结构 )

②被动结构后面可带 by + 实施动作者，而系表结构一般没有。如：

The glass is broken . ( 系表结构 )

It was broken by my sister . ( 被动结构 )