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2013-01-09
以下是威廉希尔app 为您推荐的Did You Have a nice Trip? Lesson 29 —Lesson 32重难点分析案,希望本篇文章对您学习有所帮助。
Did You Have a nice Trip? Lesson 29 —Lesson 32重难点分析案
一. 教学内容:
Unit 4 Did You Have a nice Trip? Lesson 29 —Lesson 32
1. 单词和短语
very bedroom
2. 语法
(1)一般过去时.
(2)过去进行时.
3. 语言目标
(1)May I help you?—Sure.
(2)How did you go there? We went there by bus.
二. 重点、难点分析
1. Danny and I have some pictures from our trip to Beijing.
have在句中的意思是“有”,第三人称单数是has,过去时是had,不能用于进行时态。如:
I have a nice watch.
我有一块新手表。
China has a long history.
中国有悠久的历史。
He had a lot of homework to do last night.
昨天晚上他有许多作业要做。
与there be句同义辨析
二者均有“有”的含义,但have(has)是表示所属关系的“持有”、“占有”“即表示某人拥有某物/ 某人或某物属于某人”其结构为:主语+have/has+宾语。而there be句型则是表示客观上的存在,即表示“某地(某时)存在(有)某物(某人)”,其结构为:there be+名词+地点状语。如:
I have a beautiful garden. 我有一个漂亮的花园。
There is a ball under the chair. 椅子下面有个球。
当表示事物的构成或组成时,there be与have相通。如:
There room has only one door.= There is only one door in the room.
这房间只有一扇门。
A week has seven days.= There are seven days in a week.
一周有七天。
2. Let’s show our pictures to Kim and Steven!让我们把照片给金和斯蒂文看看吧!
(1)这是以let开头的祈使句,常用来表示说话人的建议/命令/请求等。句中let是使役动词,后接代词(作宾语)和不带“to”的动词不定式(作宾语补足语),其句型为let sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。Let’s中’s是us的缩写形式。如:
Let’s help you!让我们来帮你吧!
Let me have a look at your picture.让我看一下你的照片。
(2)show及物动词,“出示,给……看”,其后直接跟宾语,也可以跟间接宾语。直接宾语即show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.如:
Let me show you on the map.
让我在地图上指给你看。
Could you show me the way to the bus stop?
你能给我指一下去车站的路吗?
3.—How did you go there? 你们怎么去那儿的?
—We went by bus. 我们坐公共汽车去的。
该句是询问方式的特殊疑问句,答句中应有方式状语。如:
—How do you go to school? 你怎样去上学?
—I go to school on foot. 我步行去上学。
—How does he go to Japan? 他是怎样去日本的?
—He goes to Japan by plane.他是乘飞机去日本的。
请注意下列搭乘交通工具的表达法:
By train 乘火车
By plane/air 乘飞机
By ship/sea 乘船
By taxi, in a taxi, in a cab 乘出租车
By bus, in a bus 乘公共汽车
By car, in a car, in one’s car 乘小汽车
By bike, on a bike ,on one’s bike 骑自行车
4. We bought gifts for you in Beijing. This kite is for you, Steven!
我们在北京给你们买了礼物。 这个风筝送给你,斯蒂文。
buy sth. for sb.=buy sb. sth. 给某人买某物 如:
I bought this hat for you, Kim! 金,我给你买了一顶帽子!
5. You’re welcome! 别客气!
在英语口语中,对感谢回答有很多种。如:
That’s all right. /Not at all. /That’s OK. /It’a pleasure.
6. Green is my favourite colour.
绿色是我最喜欢的颜色。
favourite 可作形容词,意为“最喜欢的,特别喜爱的”,可做表语或定语,无级别变化。如:
Swimming is his favourite sport. 游泳是他最喜爱的运动。
Which is your favourite month? 你最喜欢哪个月?
Green is my favonurite colour .可改写为I like green best.
favourite 还可以用作名词,“最喜欢的人或事物”。如:
This book is the students’favourite.这本书是学生最爱读的。
7. Put it on.
把它戴上。
(1)put on穿上,戴上,其反义词组为take off 脱下。
put on 与take off 都是动词+副词构成的词组,当穿带的宾语是名词时,既可放在动词或副词之间,也可放于它们后面,但若穿戴的宾语是代词时,则只能置于动词和副词之间。如:
He put on his glasses to read the letter.他戴上眼镜看信。
It’s cold outside.You’d better put your coat on.
外面很冷,你最好穿上你的外套。
My mother gave me the shoes and asked me to put them on.
妈妈把鞋给我并让我穿上。
(2)与wear同义辨析
put on强调穿,戴的动作,而wear指习惯性,经常性的穿戴,强调穿,戴的状态,还可表示“长着……,留着……”。如:
She is wearing a new hat.她戴着一顶新帽子。
He often wears a sweater ,but today he is wearing a jacket.
他经常穿一件运动衫,但今天穿的是件夹克。
8. Let’s put it above my desk.
让我们把它放在书桌上方。
(1)put sth .+介词+地点,“把某物放在……地方”。如:
We put the fruit in the fridge this morning.
今天上午我们把水果放在了冰箱里。
Please put the brooms behind the door.
请把扫帚放在门后。
Who put the books under the desk?
谁把书放在了桌子下面?
(2)above介词,“在……之上”,强调高于某物,但不一定在正上方。above还可以表示度数以及山的海拔高度。
over介词,“在……上方”,强调在某物的正上方,两物体之间有距离,此外,它还可以表示“越过”的意思。
on指在物体的表面上,与该物体接触。如:
The plane is flying above the clouds.飞机飞过云端。
There’s a stone bridge over the river.河上有座石头桥。
There is a picture on the wall.墙上有张画。
9. It’s a letter from Li MING.
这是李明的来信。
a letter from 来自……的信;a letter to给……的信;与……写信;与写信有关的词组有:
hear from收到……的来信
get a letter from… 收到……的来信
send a letter to… 寄信给……
write to 给某人写信 如:
I got a letter from David yesterday.昨天我收到了大卫的一封信。
He is writing to his father in the USA.他正在给在美国的爸爸写信。
This is a letter from Ann to her friend in China.
这是安给她在中国的朋友的一封信。
Did you send a letter to your teacher last week?
上周你给你老师寄过信吗?
10. You were sleeping on the train.
你在火车上睡觉。
该句中的were sleeping 是过去进行时结构。过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。通常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如:then, at this/that time, at nine yesterday 等。如:
I was having dinner with some friends at 8:00 yesterday evening.
昨天晚上八点,我在和几位朋友一起吃饭。
My mother was doing housework at that time.
那时我妈妈正在做家务。
I was reading a story—book last week.
上周我在看一本故事书。
11. This is you and I on the train.
这是你和我在火车上。
you and me 是宾格的人称代词作表语。在英语中,当谈论到别人和自己一起时,应把别人放在自己的前面,而汉语中的“你,我,他”应译为“you , he/him and I/me”。如:
You, he and I are asked to the party .
你、我、他被邀请参加这个宴会。
My father and I like playing chess.
我爸爸和我都喜欢下棋。
The meeting is very important to you and me.
这个会议对你我来说很重要。
12. We played with the baby!
我们逗小孩玩!
play with 和……玩,玩弄。如:
He often plays with his dog.他经常和他的狗一起玩。
Playing with fire is dangerous.玩火是危险的。
The baby is playing with the dolls.这小孩正在玩玩具。
13. 一般过去时是谈论过去最常用的时态。它用来表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用。如yesterday 和与yesterday有关的短语;last和与之相关的短语;ago和与之相关的短语。具体的短语或词组有:yesterday昨天,last week/month/year上周/上个月/去年,an hour ago 一个小时前,just now 刚才,in1990 在1990年等等。一般过去时主要是通过谓语动词变成过去式来表现。要正确使用一般过去时态,必须掌握动词的一般过去式的变化。
(一)动词过去式形式的变化
动词的过去式的变化有两种:规则变化和不规则变化
1. 规则变化及读音
(1)一般情况下在动词末尾加—ed,清辅音(/t/除外)后读/t/,浊辅音(/d/除外)和元音后读/d/,在/t/、/d/音后读/id/ 。如:
help—helped/t/ look—looked/t/ talk—talked/t/ listen—listened/d/
play—played/d/ borrow—borrowed/d/
want—wanted/id/ need—needed/id/ wait—waited/id/
(2)以不发音的e结尾的动词在末尾加—d,读音同(1)。如:
like—liked/t/ live—lived/d/ close—closed/d/
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加—ed。读音同(1)如:
cry—cried/d/ study—studied/id/ carry—carried/d/
(4)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,若末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加—ed。读音同(1)如:
plan—planned/d/ stop—stopped/t/ shop—shopped/t/
2. 不规则变化(列举初一阶段出现的部分不规则动词)
am/is—was are—were break—broke buy—bought
can—could come—came catch—caught do—did
draw—drew drink—came dream—dreamed, dreamt drive—drove
find—found fly—flew get—got go—went
give—gave know—knew lie—lay may—said
meet—met rid—rode run—ran say—said
see—saw show—showed sing—sang sleep—slept
speak—spoke stand—stood take—took teach—taught
tell—told think—thought wear—wore write—wrote
3. 有些词形不发生变化。如:
cut—cut hit—hit hurt—hurt let—let put—put read—read
(二)一般过去时的构成
1. 当谓语动词是be动词was, were时,其句型结构如下:
(1)陈述句:主语+was/were+其他+表示过去的时间状语。如:
Everyone was here yesterday. 昨天每个人都在。
They were at Guangdong restaurant last night.昨晚他们在广东餐馆。
(2)否定句:主语+was not(wasn’t)/were not(weren’t)+其他+表示过去的时间状语。如:
L wasn’t at school yesterday.昨天我不在学校里。
The baskets weren’t under the tree this morning 今天早上篮子不在树下了。
(3)一般疑问句:was/was+主语+其他+表示过去的时间状语?,其肯定回答为Yes,主语+was/were.;否定回答为No,主语+wasn’t.。如:
—Were you ill last week?上周你病了吗?
—Yes, I was./No, I wasn’t .是的,我病了。/不,我没病。
—Were your friends out yesterday evening?你朋友们昨晚出去了吗?
—Yes, they were./No, they weren’t.是的,他们出去了。不,他们没出去。
(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序?如:
Where were you last night?昨晚你在哪里?
What day was it yesterday?昨天是星期几?
2. 当谓语动词是行为动词时,其句型结构如下:
(1)陈述句:主语+行为动词的过去式+其他+表示过去的时间状语。如:
I got up at six o’clock yesterday morning.
我昨天早上六点起床。
My uncle flew to Guangzhou last month.
上个月我叔叔乘飞机到广州去了。
(2)否定句:主语+didn’t+行为动词的原形+其他+表示过去的时间状语。如:
She didn’t find her book this morning.
今天早上她没找到她的书。
They didn’t come back last year.去年他们没回来。
(3)一般疑问句:Did+主语+行为动词的原形+其他+表示过去的时间状语?
其肯定回答为Yes,主语+did.;否定回答为NO,主语+didn’t.。如:
—Did you leave school early yesterday afternoon ?
你昨天下午很早就离校了吗?
—Yes, I did./No, I didn’t.
是的,很早离校了。/不,我没有。
—Did they clean the room last Sunday?
上个星期天他们打扫房间了吗?
—Yes, they did ./No, they didn’t .
是的,他们打扫了。/不,他们没打扫。
(4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的语序?如:
—Where did your father work last year?
你爸爸去年在哪里工作?
—He worked in a shop.
他在一家商店工作。
—How did you go to Beijing last time?
上一次你怎么去的北京?
—I went there by train.
我坐火车去的。
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