Ⅴ.阅读理解(每小题2分，满分20分)

A

I have a rule for travel, never carry a map. I prefer to ask for directions.

Foreign visitors are often puzzled in Japan because most streets there don’t have names. In Japan, people use landmarks instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”

In the country of the American Midwest, usually there are not many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat. In many places there are no towns or buildings with miles. Instead of landmarks, people will tell you directions and distance. In Kansas(堪萨斯州), for example, people will say, “Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.”

People in Los Angeles, California have no idea of distance on the map. They measure(测量) distance by telling time. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here.” You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They don’t know.

People in Greece(希腊) sometimes do not even try to give directions because few visitors understand the Greek language. Instead of giving you the direction, a Greek will often say, “Follow me.” Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office.

Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico(墨西哥), no one answers “I don’t know”. People in Yucatan think that “I don’t know” is not polite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A visitor can get very, very lost in Yucatan!

One thing will help you everywhere. You might not understand a person’s words, but maybe you can understand his body language. He or she will usually turn and then point in the correct direction. Go in that direction, and you may find the post office!

51. What do you think the word “landmarks” means?

A. Street names. B. Building names.

C. Hotels, markets and bus stops. D. Buildings or places which are easily seen.

52. In which place do people tell distance by telling time?

A. Japan. B. American Midwest.

C. Los Angeles, California. D. Greece.

53. In the passage, _______ countries are written about by the writer.

A. seven B. four C. five D. eight

54. Which of the following is wrong?

A. Travelers can learn about people’s customs by asking questions about directions.

B. People in some places give directions, in miles, but people in other places give directions by telling time.

C. A person’s body language can help you understand directions.

D. People in different places always give directions in the same way—they use street names.

55. The passage mainly tells us that _______.

A. there are not many landmarks in the American Midwest

B. we never carry a map for travel

C. there are different ways to give directions in different parts of the world

D. New Yorkers often say “I have no idea”, but people in Yucatan, Mexico, never say this

B

China is a nation of etiquette(礼仪). Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests.

When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks(小吃) like biscuits or candy. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely.

At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat(款待) their guests with a big meal. They always present more food than the guest can eat. On the table, the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, which won’t happen at western tables. The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you are done eating, the host usually says, “It seems that you didn’t eat much. Please eat more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl.

Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition. As Confucius(孔子) said thousands of years ago:

To meet friends from afar

How happy we are!

56. What does the underlined word “hospitable” mean in this passage?

A.好客的 B.勤劳的 C.朴实的

57. As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offered _______ by the host.

A. coffee and snacks B. juice and snacks C. tea and snacks

58. Why does a western visitor feel surprised when the host picks food for him?

A. Because he thinks it’s not polite.

B. Because he thinks it’s not necessary.

C. Because it won’t happen in western countries.

59. What the Chinese family do for the guests is to _______.

A. make them feel at home B. show their wealth C. make them feel uncomfortable

60. What’s the meaning of the words by Confucius at the end of the passage?

A.学而时习之，不亦说乎?

B.有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎?

C.人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎?