教学目标

1.词汇

A.单词

四会: right away, whether, for long, make friends, get on … with…mistake, make a mistake, dance, either, light, dark, take one’s time, cost, try … on

三会: lonely, fight, decide, wool(l)en, hang, cotton, expensive, soft

B.词组/句型

right awayIt feels strange to do…

a twin sisterfor long

make friends with…get on (well) with…

mistake sb for sbmake a mistake

feel the sameon one’s birthday

light / dark greendecide to do

birthday presentmake problems

fight aboutplay with

try sth onhave a look at …

take one’s time

2.日常交际用语

Do we need some more … ?

Can you go and get some, please?

What can I do for you?

Do you like this one?

Can I try it on?

It’s (not) cheap enough.

I’d like two sweaters for my daughter.

Please take your time.

I can’t decide which one to buy.

3.语法

由连词whether或if引导的宾语从句.

教学重点与难点

1.need作为情态动词和实意动词的用法

need作为情态动词仅用于否定句或疑问句;

用情态动词must提问时, 否定回答用needn’t ;

用need做情态动词提问时, 肯定回答用must .

I needn’t show her the answer to the question, need I?

我不必把这个问题的答案给她看, 是吗?

“Must you finish your homework today?”

“你必须今天完成作业 吗?”

“Yes, I must”(“No, I needn’t.”)

“是的, 我必须今天完成.”(“不, 我不必今天完成.”)

“Need she go at once?”

“她马上就得走吗?”

“Yes, she must.”(“No, she needn’t.”)

“是的, 她必须马上走.”(“不, 她不必马上走.”)

need作为实意动词有它作为动词的多种形式, 可以用于各种

句型之中, 表示不同的意义.

实际上need较多地用于实意动词, 较少用于情态动词.

在表示过去意义时, 常用作实意动词, 而不用作情态动词.

“Does he need to wash his hands?”

“他要不要洗手?”

“Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t.”

“是的, 他得洗. / 不, 他不必洗.”

Did they need to do it yesterday?

他们昨天需要做那件事情吗?

We need to practise speaking English more often, don’t we?

我们需要多练习说英语, 是不是?

2.关于否定疑问句

否定疑问句一般用来表示惊异, 责难, 赞叹, 邀请或建议等,

一般不要求对方用Yes或No来回答.

That’s really a great place. Don’t you go with us?

那真是一个奇妙的地方, 你难道不和我们一块去? (惊异)

Why are you so late? Didn’t I tell you to come early?

你为什么来得这么迟? 我不是叫你早点来的吗? (责备)

Isn’t the film interesting!

这部电影真是有趣极了. (赞叹)

Won’t you have another cup of tea?

再喝一杯茶好吗? (邀请或建议)

Mom, can’t Lily do it?

妈妈, Lily就不能做吗? (责备)

有时对不太有把握的事情向对方提问, 也可以用这种否定疑问句;

这时答语应该和附加问句的答语一样, 如果是肯定的, 要用Yes,

否则就用No, 这跟汉语的习惯很不相同.

“Aren’t you in Class Two?”“Yes, I am.”

“你不是二班的学生吧?”“不, 我是二班的.”

“Doesn’t she want to go?”“No, she doesn’t.”

“她难道不想去吗?”“是的, 她不想去.”

3.so的两种用法.

(…亦)如此, (…也)同样

通常用于“so + 系动词/助动词/情态动词 + 主语”的句型中.

I was late and so was she.

我迟到了, 她也是.

“I am leaving now.”“So am I.”

“我现在要走了.”“我也要走.”

“I saw the film on TV. ”“So did I.”

“我在电视上看了那部电影.”“我也看了.”

“I can play tennis.”“So can I.”

“我会打网球.”“我也会.”

正是那样,确是如此

通常用于“so + 主语 + 系动词/助动词/情态动词”的句型中.

“She is very good at swimming.”“So she is.”

“她很擅长游泳.”“不错, 确实如此.”

“Tom often goes to school by bike.”“So he does.”

“汤姆经常骑车去上学.”“不错, 的确如此.”

“She’s made a mistake about me.”“So she has.”

“她误会了我.”“她的确误会了你.”

“She can help her mother with the cooking.”“So she can.”

“她会帮妈妈做饭”“是的, 她会.”

4.what引导的从句

what引导的是名词性从句, 在复合句中可以做主语, 宾语, 表语.

它所引导的从句具有以下两种意义:

what从句可以用来表示一种问题, 具有疑问概念.这种从句结构上

仍是一个特殊问句, 只是不用倒装语序.

What she wants to say isn’t clear to us.

她想要说什么我们还不清楚.

I don’t know what he said at the meeting.

我不知道他在会上都说了些什么.

The problem is what we should do next.

问题是我们下一步该怎么办.

What从句可以表示一种东西或事情, 不具有疑问概念.

一般翻译成“(某人)所……的东西(事情)”

That’s what we need.

这正是我们所需要的(东西).

What I saw there is not easy to forget.

我在那儿所看到的(事情)是不易忘记的.

Do you still remember what she said?

你还记得她所说的话吗?

The factory is quite different from what it was.

这家工厂与以前大不相同.

5.whether或if引导的宾语从句

whether或if引导的宾语从句引的是一般疑问句或选择疑问句,

和疑问词引导的宾语从句一样, 从句的语序应为陈述句语序,

即whether/if + 主语 + 谓语.

“Lucy, can you go and get some tea?” she asked.

She asked Lucy if / whether she could go and get some tea.

她问Lucy是否她可以去拿些茶来.

He asked, “Are you a doctor or a teacher?”

He asked me whether I was a doctor or a teacher.

他问我是医生还是教师.

6.lonely和alone的区别

alone是陈述一个客观事实, 独自一个人, 没有同伴或助手.

Lonely则有浓厚的情感色彩, 表示“渴望伴侣”、“孤独地, 寂寞地”

He was alone in the room when I saw him.

我看到他时, 他独自一人在屋里.

He feels lonely when he is left alone.

只剩下他一个人的时候, 他就感到孤独.

7.for long (副)长久(地) (用于否定句, 疑问句, if从句)

We won’t stay there for long.

我们不会在那儿长久停留.

Were you there for long?

你在那儿呆了很久吗?

8.make friends with sb. 意思是“与某人交朋友”, 其中friends总是

复数形式.

My father likes to make friends with doctors.

我父亲喜欢与医生交朋友.

I decide to make friends with Tom.

我决定与汤姆交朋友.

9.get on/along with sb与(某人) 相处

How are you getting on with your classmates?

你与你的同学们相处得怎么样?

We get on well with each other.

我们相处融洽.

He doesn’t get on well his teacher.

他与他的老师关系不好.

get on/along with sth. 在(某方面)进展或进行

How are you getting on/along with your study of English?

你的英语学习进展如何?

Things are getting on well here.

这儿情况很好.

Go and see how he’s getting on with his work.

去看看他的工作进展情况怎样了.

10.mistake可以作动词(vt.), 意思是“误解…, 弄错, 误会”

mistake + n.

I mistook his meaning / what he meant.

我误解了他的意思/用意.

I often mistake the date/ the address.

我经常弄错日期/住址.

mistake + n. + for + n. 把…误为…

He often mistook me for my brother.

他经常把我误当作我的哥哥.

I’m sorry I mistook you for Mrs Li.

对不起我把你误当作李太太了.

mistake可以作名词, 意思是“错误, 过失, 误解, 误会”

make a mistake搞错, 误会

They call me Lily sometimes and I don’t always tell them they've

made a mistake.

他们有时叫我Lily, 但我并不每次对他们说他们搞错了.

make a mistake犯错误, 出错

Everyone may make mistakes in life.

每个人一生中都会犯错误.

You made many mistakes in your exercises.

你在练习中出了许多错误.

We should make as few mistakes as possible in our work.

我们在工作中尽可能的少出错.

11.too, either和also表示“也”

too和also一般用于肯定句中.

too用于口语, 语气较强, 放在句尾, 或作插入语放在句中.

also一般用于正式场合, 紧靠动词.

either作为副词表示“也”, 一般用于否定句中, 与too相对,放在句尾.

He will go to town tomorrow. I shall go, too.

他明天将进城去, 我也去.

He was in Beijing last summer, too.

去年夏天他也在北京.

I also went to the meeting.

我也参加了那次会议.

I’ve also read that story.

我也读过那篇小说.

He is not in the classroom and he isn’t in the library, either.

他不在教室, 他也不在图书馆.

He didn’t go to school yesterday and she didn’t either.

昨天他没去上学, 她也没去.

12.decide表示“决定, 决心, 判断, 推断”

decide + to do / that… 决定做…

He decided to buy a new car.

=He decided (that) he would buy a new car.

他决定要买一辆新车.

She decided not to go.

=She decided that she (should) not go.

她决定不去了.

decide + wh- 决定…

I can’t decide which to take.

=I can’t decide which I (should) take.

我拿不定主意要选(买)哪一个.

13.take one’s time vi. 慢慢来

You don’t have to answer quickly. Please take your time.

你不必着急回答, 请慢慢考虑.

14.由疑问词引导的不定式

疑问代词what, which, whom或疑问副词how, when, where可引导

一个不定式在句中作宾语. 这种结构往往可转换成一个主从复合句, 不定式可改为一个由疑问词引导的宾语从句.

I don’t know what to do next.

=I don’t know what I shall do next.

我不知接下来该怎么办.

Have you decided which to choose?

=Have you decided which you should choose?

该挑选哪一个你作出决定了吗?

Do you know whom to go with?

=Do you know whom you shall go with?

你知道和谁一块去吗?

He showed me how to start the machine.

=He showed me how I could start the machine.

他示范给我看如何启动这台机器.

Did she tell you when to have the meeting?

=Did she tell you when we should have the meeting?

她告诉你什么时候开会了吗?

At last I got to know where to find his address.

=At last I got to know where I could find his address.

我终于明白在什么地方可找到他的住址.

15.cost, spend, pay和take的用法

Sth. + cost + sb. + money (某物)花了(某人)多少钱

This sweater cost me 100 dollars.

这件毛衣花了我100美元.

Sb + spend + money + on/for + sth. 花钱于….

I spent 100 dollars on this sweater.

我花了100美元买这件毛衣.

Sb + spend + time + (in) doing sth. 花多少时间来做…

I spent my summer vacation (in) reading and fishing.

我的暑假是在看看书和钓钓鱼中度过的.

Sb + pay + (sb) + money + for + sth. 某人付给某人多少钱买某物

I paid (the shopkeeper) 100 dollars for this sweater.

我付给(店主) 100美元买这件毛衣.

It + take + sb + time + to do sth做某事花掉某人多少时间

It took me one hour to finish my homework yesterday.

昨天我花了一个小时来完成作业 .

同步练习

I.找出与划线部分读音不同的单词.

1. A. changeB. makeC. mistakeD. dance

2. A. eighthB. eitherC. eightyD. eight

3. A. darkB. starC. hardD. war

4. A. heartB. clearC. hearD. dear

5. A. schoolB. moonC. woolD. food

6. A. weatherB. leaveC. headD. bread

7. A. ratherB. togetherC. withD. think

8. A. enoughB. coughC. laughD. light

9. A. BritainB. chemistryC. dinnerD. mind

10. A. whetherB. wholeC. whoD. whose

II.用所给动词的适当形式填空.

1.I’m very pleased ________ (hear) that your wife will come to our get-together.

2.The tow shirts both look nice. I can’t decide which ________ (buy).

3.Whose turn is it ________ (give) a talk in class?

4.What are you usually doing while your parents _______ (watch) TV?

5.Can you tell me how much the radio ________ (cost) you?

6.I ________ (do) some reading when the light went out.

7.How many times ______ your parents ________ (visit) our school this year?

8.Where _______ you _______ (go) for your last summer holiday?

9.How soon ________ you ________ (be) ready for the journey?

10.I ________ (not stay) there for long.

III.单项选择

1.What have you decided to give your girl friend ________ her birthday?

A.at B. in C. with D. for

2.I’d better invite ________ .

A.both them B. all them

C. them all D. them of both

3.________ do you know they are fighting about?

A.How B. Which C. What D. Where

4.I don’t know how Sally ________ at school with her lessons.

A.gets up B. gets on C. gets out D. gets down

5.Sorry I mistook you ________ Mr Green.

A.with B. of C. by D. for

6.I don’t think a small thing like this ________ so much.

A.paid B. spent C. cost D. took

7.He still has no idea when ________ her the bad news.

A.tells B. telling C. will tell D. to tell

8.If you stay at school this Sunday, I ________ go anywhere ________ .

A.don’t, either B. don’t, too

C. won’t, either D. won’t, too

9.Everybody in our class went to help except you ________ .

A.and me B. or me C. and I D. or I

10.He didn’t think the shirt ________, so he didn’t buy it.

A.enough cheap B. enough expensive

C. cheap enough D. expensive enough

11.________ he told us about how to learn English well is really very important.

A.Which B. That C. What D. Where

12.Is this story the same as ________ in that newspaper?

A.what B. that C. it D. the one

13.I ________ go there this morning, so I stayed.

A.needn’t to B. didn’t need

C. didn’t need to D. needed not

14.“Aren’t you Mary’s sister?”“________. I’m her aunt.”

A.No, I am B. Yes, I’m not

C. No, I’m not D. Yes, I am

15.“Tom does very well in Chinese.”“____________”

A.He does it B. He does so

C. So does he D. So he does

16.She asked me whether ________ able to read and write in English.

A.was he B. he was

C. he could be D. could he be

17.“I’m sorry I’ve forgotten to bring you the letter.”

“Never mind. ________.”

A.I’m going to get it myself

B.I’m going and get it myself

C.I’ll go and get it myself

D.I’ll go to get myself

18.I ________ that piece of cake for two yuan.

A.spent B. cost C. bought D. took

IV.完形填空

Have you ever seen snow? ___1___ people in the world have not. A lot of countries never have snow or they have it only on the tops of very high mountains. In Scotland and in the north or England, there is quite a lot of snow every ___2___ but in the south of England, there is usually ___3___.

When a student from ___4___ country like Malays (马莱半岛) or Indonesia (印度尼西亚) comes to Britain in autumn for the first time, he feels ___5___ at first. There are ___6___ dark clouds, gray sky and cold rain in Britain in autumn, and most students from warm countries ___7___ like this.

But snow is different. Although it is very cold, it is very beautiful. Perhaps, after several dark mornings, the student wakes up one day, and there is a lot of ___8___ in his room. He thinks, “Is it so ___9___?” and jumps out of bed. But no, it is no very last. He ___10___ out of the window and there is the ___11___ , on the ground and on the roofs (屋顶) of the houses and ___12___. The light in his room came from that clean, beautiful white snow.

1. A. A lot ofB. MuchC. A littleD.A lot

2. A. springB. summerC. autumnD. winter

3. A. a littleB. littleC. fewD. a few

4. A. a coldB. a windyC. a warmD. a rainy

5. A. hotB. coldC. coolD. warm

6. A. oftenB. notC. noD. even

7. A. notB. does notC. do notD. have

8. A. lightB. darkC. windD. bright

9. A. earlyB. coldC. warmD. late

10. A. seesB. looksC. looks atD. sees for

11. A. windB. rainC. snowD. fog

12. A.anywhereB. nowhereC. whereD.everywhere