Unit 2 Life in the Future

【本讲教育信息】

一. 教学内容：

Book 15 Unit 2 (I)

会使用动词一般将来时描述预测将要发生的事件，未来的生活。明白will, shall 和be going to 的区分。

二. 本周教学重点：

1. 一般将来时

2. 重点词汇和词组

3. 课文主要内容

三. 具体内容：

(一)一般将来时

用法：

1. 表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

He will go to New York next year.

2. 表示将 要反复发生的动作或习惯性动作。

We shall have two P.E. lessons per week this term.

结构：

1. shall/ will + 动词原形

shall 用于第一人称。

I shall go to Shanghai after graduation.

They will go to Shanghai after graduation.

基本句式：

肯定句：主语+shall/will+动词原形+其他

Our teacher will have a meeting tomorrow.

否定句：主语+shall/will not+动词原形+其他

They won’t go swimming this weekend.

疑问句：shall/will +主语+动词原形+其他?

Will Tom finish his homework on time?

Yes, he will. /No, he won’t.

2. be going to +动词原形

be 随主语的变化而变化。

It is going to rain.

We are going to swim this weekend.

基本句式：

肯定句：主语+be going to +动词原形+其他

I am going to buy a dictionary this afternoon.

否定句：主语+be not going to +动词原形+其他

We are not going to stay here long.

疑问句：Be + 主语+ going to + 动词原形+其他

Is it going to rain tomorrow?

Yes, it is. /No, it isn’t.

3. will/shall 和be going to 的区分：

1)will 表示说话人认为，希望或假定要发生的事。

be going to 表示某事物有迹象要发生。

I am sure that the Olympics in Beijing will be very successful.

Look at the clouds. It is going to rain.

2)will 表示意图时不指事先考虑的

be going to 指事先考虑的

Tomorrow we will have an exam, so I am going to review the lessons.

3)will 不能用于条件状语从句中，而be going to 可以。

If you are going to join the party, please do better.

4. the re be

there be 句型常用来表示“某处存在某物”。

1)there be 句型的基本句式

肯定句：there be +主语+其他

There is an apple, a banana and some pears in the bag.

否定句：there be +not +主语+其他

There aren’t many people on the bus.

疑问句：be there +主语+其他

Are there any students on the playground?

Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.

2)there be 句型的时态

一般现在时：there +be (am, is, are)+主语+其他

There are eight students in the classroom.

一般过去时：there +was/were + 主语+其他

There was a group of young people working on the farm yesterday.

一般将来时：there +will + be +主语+其他

There will be a strong wind tomorrow.

There will not be a strong wind tomorrow.

Will there be a strong wind tomorrow?

Yes, there will. /No, there won’t.

(二)语言点和词组：

(1)However, some things will stay the same.

但是，有些事情是不变的。

stay , 系动词，后面接形容词、名词。

e.g. Nothing stays the same for long. 什么都不会一成不变。

The lecture is on how to stay healthy.

讲座的话题是如何保持健康。

类似的动词：look, feel, taste, smell, seem, sound

e.g. They looked worried today. 他们今天看起来很着急。

The cakes taste good. 蛋糕尝起来很好吃。

She felt tired.她感觉累了。

Her face turned red when she heard it.

当她听到这时，她的脸变红了。

Her voice sounded quite sweet. 她的声音听起来很甜。

(2)not… any more =no more不再……(从次数角度……)

not…any longer=no longer 不再……(从时间角度……)

e.g. She didn’t cry any more. 她不再哭了。

They are no longer young. 他们不再年青了。

(3)check out 检查、核查

check up 核对、检验 (第十三册)

(4)enough water /food/time/ money 足够的水、

食物、时间、钱

enough 修饰形容词、副词，后置

e.g. big enough 足够大

good enough 足够好

well enough 足够好

strong enough 足够壮

old enough 足够老

(5)because of 跟名词或代词

because 跟从句 (主语+谓语)

e.g. She didn’t go to school yesterday because of illness.

She didn’t go to school yesterday because she was ill.

(6)lead to 通向、引起、导致

Too much work and too little rest will lead to illness.

工作太多，休息太少会导致疾病。

I know a short-cut leading to the parking lot.

我知道一条通向停车场的近路。

(三)text.

The predictions about life in 2050

People and the Internet

In 2050, everyone in the world will have a personal web page with their information on it. These web pages will use the five senses: sight, touch, smell, taste and hearing. This way, before you meet someone, you can check out his or her web page to learn about the person.

People and the Environment

In 2050, there won’t be enough water for the world’s population. Because of the changes in climate and increase in farming, some places will be drier and people will not be able to produce enough food. The demand for water will create problems between countries and these problems may lead to war.

World Population

By 2050, the population of the world will come to the highest point, probably around 8.5 billion people, and then it will start to decline. The structure of the population will also change. Most people will be over 60 years old.

课堂练习：

I. 按要求改写句子。

1. Teenagers will use computers to do everything. (一般疑问句) ___________________

2. There will be much pollution. (否定句) ________________________________________

3. There will still be schools in the future. (一般疑问句，并做否定回答)

_________________________________________ ______________________

4. Will there be flying cars in the future? Yes, there will. (肯定句) _____________________

5. People will travel by flying cars in the future. (提问) __________________________

6. Students will hand homework to their teachers by e-mail. (提问) _____________________

7. People will still read a traditional book when they want to enjoy a good story. (提问)

____________________________________________________________________

8. I wil l be over 50 years old in 2050. (提问) ___________________

II. 单项选择。

1. There a new TV play on channel 1 this evening.

A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D. shall be

2. I’m not sure if it tomorrow. If it , we won’t go to the Great Wall.

A. will snow, snows B. will snow, will snow

C. snows, snows D. snows, will snow

3. —Do you mind my opening the window? It’s hot here.

— .

A. I think you’re wrong B. Yes, please. C. Of course not. D. I don’t agree.

4. —hall we go to the zoo tomorrow?

— .

A. Thank you B. Very well C. Excuse D. Good idea

5. They’ll see changes in travel, ?

A. will they B. won’t they C. do they D. don’t they

6. People will buy things the Internet.

A. to B. in C. on D. at

7. You look angry. Would you like to eat?

A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything

8. There is on TV tonight. Let’s go for a walk!

A. something interesting B. interesting something

C. nothing interesting D. anything interesting

【本讲教育信息】

一. 教学内容：

Book 15 Unit 2 (II)

能够正确使用动词不定式

二. 教学重点和难点：

1. 动词不定式的使用

2. 如何表达同意和反对别人的观点。

3. 重点词汇和词组。

三. 具体内容：

(一)动词不定式：

结构：to +动词原形

功能：动词不定式在句子中可以充当以下六种句子成份。

1. 作主语

To learn English well is very difficult.

不定式做主语，往往由it作形式主语，不定式移到句子的后面。

It is difficult to learn English well.

2. 作表语

The duties of a postman are to deliver letters and newspapers.

3. 作宾语

I hope to become a teacher after graduation.

跟不定式作宾语的常见动词有：agree, want, refuse, offer, promise, choose, decide, determine, fail, ask, hope, expect, wish, learn, afford, intend, demand, manager, prepare begin, start, forget, remember, like ,love, try, need,

…

另外feel, find, think, consider 等动词后接不定式做宾语，补语是形容词时，常用it做形式宾语，把不定式后移。

I find it difficult to learn English.

4. 作宾语补足语(补充说明宾语)

I wish him to win the game.

跟不定式做宾补的常见动词有：

advise, wish, prefer, order, teach, get, expect, like, want, ask, encourage, invite, require, tell, help, allow, force

还有一些词后面跟不带to的不定式做宾补：

see, hear, notice, feel, watch, make, let, have, listen to …

He saw them play on the playgr ound.

5. 作定语

There are a lot of books to read.

不定式与其修饰的词之间一般都有动宾关系，如果不定式是个不及物动词，其后应有介词。

He is a nice person to work with.

There are a lot of books to read.

6. 作状语

1)表示目的

To pass the exam, I must do my best to study.

不定式作目的状语时，否定式必须用in orde r not to do， so as not to do

Let’s hurry in order not to be late for the class.

2)表示结果

She lived to see her grandson go to university.

3)表示原因

I am glad to see you.

She was very happy to hear the good news.

7. 不定式常与疑问 词连用构成短语：

Eg: what to do / how to do/ where to go /

when to st art/ which to buy

Do you know how to use a computer?

(二)如何表达同意和反对

agreement disagreement

1. You’re right. 1.I don’t agree.

2. That’s true. 2. I don’t think so.

3. I agree. 3. I’m not sure about that.

4. Yes, I think so, too. 4. Of course not.

5. That’s true….. 5. I think you are wron g.

(三)词组

1. a popular type of writing 一种流行的文学体裁

2. think of 认为

3. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事

want to do sth. 想做某事

4. decide to do 决定做某事

5. encourage sb to do 鼓励某人做某事

6. such as …..例如

7. be interested in ….对……感兴趣

8. as a result …..结果;由于……结果as a result of

Eg: He was late for school this morning as a result of the snow.

由于下雪他今早上学迟到了。

He worked hard, and as a result, he got promoted quickly. 他工作努力，被提拔得很快。

9. come true 成为现实

Eg: He said that I would become a doctor and it has come true now.

他说我会成为医生，现在这预言成真了。

10. make sb + rich 使某人……富有

make sb do 使某人……做某事

Eg: What you are doing will only make things worse.

你现在所做的只会使情况更糟。

It’ll make me so happy if you accept it.

你要是接受了，我会十分高兴。

The boss made the workers work ten hours a day.

老板强迫工人一天工作十小时。

11. base on 基于…… 以……为基础

12. Englishman Englishwoman Frenchman

Englishmen Englishwomen Frenchmen

German Germans

Chinese Japanese Viennese

13. come / go 常用的动词，也常用来组成词组

come

(1)come from 来自 (2)come in 进来

(3)come back 回来 (4)come down 下来，降落

(5)come on 加油 (6)come after 跟随

(7)come along 快点 (8)come by 从旁边走过，经过

(9)come first 在前面，名列第一 (10)come home 回家

(11)come into 进入 (12)come over 过来，来访

(13)come across (偶然)碰到 (14)come out 出来

(15)come to 达到，合计 (16)come round 来访，到来

(17)come up 上来，走近 (18)come and go 来来往往

(19)come at 攻击，袭击

go

(1)go about 走来走去 (2)go abroad 出国，出门

(3)go after 追随，跟随 (4)go against 反对，违背

(5)go ahead 前进，进展 (6)go along 沿着，前进

(7)go around 四处走动 (8)go back 回去

(9)go down 下去，下沉 (10)go easy 仔细一点

(11)go for a picnic 去郊游 (12)go for nothing 徒劳

(13)go forward 前进，进展 (14)go from ….to 从…变成

(15)go home 回家 (16)go in 进入

(17)go into 走近，加入 (18)go on 继续，

(19)go on with 继续，把…进行下去 (20)go over 查看，复习，走过去

(21)go to bed 上床睡觉 (22)go to school 上学

(23)go up to town 去城里，进城 (24)go wrong 走错路

[课堂练习]

I. 单选。

1. At last, she asked the old man if he had .

A. something to say B. everything to say

C. something saying D. everything saying

2. The little boy didn’t know what , so he stood against the wall crying.

A. do B. to do C. doing D. should

3. –There are so many cars in the streets.

--Yes, more and more people are to buy private cars.

A. rather rich B. very rich C. enough rich D. rich enough

4. –Have you ever been to Japan?

--Yes, I Japan last year. It was my first visit to Japan.

A. has been to B. was going to C. have going to D. went to

5. Don’t the TV. The children are sleeping.

A. turn off B. turn on C. turn down D. turn over

6. -- is your favorite sports man?

--Yao Ming.

A. How B. When C. Who D. Which

7. The teacher told us any litter.

A. don’t throw B. not to throw C. not throw D. to not throw

8. You look tired. You’d better earlier.

A. go to b ed B. to go to bed C. went to bed D. going to bed

9. It’s important us have enough sleep.

A. too, to B. to, for C. for, to D. with, to

10. There will be a meeting next week.

A. some time B. sometime C. some times D. sometimes

II. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。

1. My teacher advised me _______________ the book. I enjoyed ____________ it. (read)

2. Jim’s father wanted him ______________ a lawyer, but he decided _______________ a writer. (become)

3. At first, the thief refused _______________ (tell) the truth, but the policeman made him _________(do) it.

4. I hate ____________ (wash) dishes, but my mother always forces me ___________ (do) it.

5. She needed _______ (take) the big box to her room, the students helped her ______(carry) it.

6. Don’t forget _____________ (lock) the door when you ____________(leave).

7. Do you mind my _____________(open) the window? It’s hot here.

8. We all hope ______________(see) you soon. Can you come this weekend?

9. Shall I ________________ (clean) the room first or _______________ (boil) some water?