±à¼£ºsx_zhangh
2016-07-25
ΪÁ˱ÜÃâ¹úÄÚµÄÉýѧѹÁ¦£¬ºÜ¶à¼Ò³¤¶¼Ñ¡ÔñÈú¢×ÓÈ¥¹úÍâÁôѧ£¬ÕâÑù¶ÔÓÚº¢×ӵķ¢Õ¹Ò²±È½ÏÓÐÀû£¬±¾Õ¾±à¼¾ÍΪ´ó¼ÒÕûÀíÁËÃÀ¹úÁôѧÐÐÇ°±ØÖªµÄÃÀ¹ú´óѧ˵»°¼¼ÇɵÄÄÚÈÝ£¬Ï£ÍûÄÜ°ïµ½´ó¼Ò¡£
ÃÀ¹úÒ²ÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄ˵»°Êõ¡£µ«ÊDZ¯¾çµÄÊÇ£¬ÎÒÃÇÔÚÖйú²»¹ÜѧÁ˶àÉÙÄêÓ¢Ó²»¹ÜÊÇиÅÄîж«·½ÐÂÍи£»¹ÊÇм¦°¢ÒÌ£¬¶ÔÕâÌ×˵»°Êõ£¬ºÁÎÞ½Ó´¥¡£ÉÔ΢Àñòµã¾ä×ӵľÍÖ»»á˵"Could you …please?"Êâ²»Öª£¬Ë¹Ì¹¸£ÔÚ¶ÔÓÚ¹ú¼ÊѧÉúµÚÒ»ÌìÐÂÉúOrientationµÄʱºò¾Í˵£¬²»Òª¾³£ÓÃÕâ¸ö¾ä×Ó¡£Õâ¸öÓ÷¨ÊDz»¹»ÀñòºÍ¿ÍÆøµÄ£¬ËäÈ»ÊÇÎʾ䣬ËäÈ»ÀïÃæÓÐ"please",µ«ÊÇ»¹ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÒªÇóµÄºÍÇá΢ÃüÁîµÄÓïÆø¡£
ÎÒ¸ÕÀ´µ½ÃÀ¹úµÄʱºò£¬×îÍ´¿àµÄÊÂÇéĪ¹ýÓÚÉϿη¢ÑÔ£º²å²»ÉÏ»°¡£ËäÈ»ÃÀ¹úÈËÔÚÙ©µÄÄÇЩÄÚÈÝÓÐЩºÜdzÏÔ²»ÊÇʲôÕæÖª×Ƽû£¬ÓÐЩÉõÖÁºÜSB,µ«ÊÇËûÃǾÍÊÇÔÚÄÇÀïÌÏÌϲ»¾ø¡£ÓÐÄã¾ÙÊֵŦ·ò£¬»òÕßÄãÔÚÍ·ÄÔÖÐ×éÖ¯ÓïÑÔµÄʱ¼ä£¬È˼ÒÒѾ٩ÁË°ëÌìÁË¡£
ÎÒÃǽÌÓýѧ£¬Ò»ÌÿÎÁ½Èý¸öСʱ£¬ÀÏʦ˵»°µÄʱ¼ä²»³¬¹ý°ë¸öСʱ£¬Ê£ÏµÄʱ¼ä¶¼ÊÇ´ó¼ÒÔÚÉñÙ©(ΧÈÆ×ÅÔĶÁ²ÄÁÏ£¬ÀíÂÛ£¬°¸Àý)¡£Èç¹ûÊÇÄãÊÇѧÎĿƺÍÉç¿ÆµÄרҵ£¬ÕâÖÖÇé¿öÄã¿Ï¶¨²»Ä°Éú¡£¿ÎÌ÷¢ÑÔµÄÖØÒªÐÔÌåÏÖÔÚÈý·½Ã棺һ£¬Õâ¸öÕ¼ÆÚÄ©³É¼¨µÄ30%,±ÈÆÚÖп¼ÊÔ»¹¶à;¶þ£¬ÄãÉÏ¿ÎÀÏÊDz»·¢ÑÔ£¬´ó¼Ò»áÈÏΪÄãʲô¶¼²»¶®£¬´ó¼Ò²»»áºÜ¿´µÃÆðÄ㣬ÔÚ¿ÎÍâÉú»îÖлᱻ±ßÔµ»¯;Èý£¬ÄãÉÏ¿ÎÀÏÊDz»·¢ÑÔ£¬ÀÏʦ»áÈÏΪÄãµÄѧϰ̬¶È²»¶ËÕý£¬¶ÔÕâ¸ö¿Î²»¸ÐÐËȤ»òÕßûÓжÁÔĶÁ²ÄÁÏ¡£
×ʼ£¬ÎÒÔø¾³¢ÊÔ¹ý£¬Ó²ÊǼ·½øÒ»¶Î¶Ô»°£¬µ«ÊǸоõºÜÌÆÍ»£¬ÔÚͬѧºÍÀÏʦµÄÑÛÉñÖÐÄãÊÇ¿´µÄ³öÀ´µÄ¡£ÎÒ˼¿¼ÁËÏ£¬ÎÊÌâ³öÔÚÖÐÃÀ¿ÎÌ÷¢ÑԵķ½Ê½²»Í¬¡£Öйú¶¼ÊÇÀÏʦÎÊÒ»¸ö£¬Ñ§Éú´ðÒ»¸ö¡£Ñ§ÉúÒª¾ÙÊÖ£¬ËùÒÔºÜÓÐÖÈÐò¡£Ã¿´Î¶¼ÒªÀÏʦµÄ½²½â¹á´©ÔÚѧÉúµÄ·¢ÑÔÖ®¼ä£¬ËùÒÔѧÉúÖ®¼äûÓжԻ°¡£ËùÒÔѧÉú·¢ÑÔµÄʱºò²»ÐèҪ˵Щ³ÐÉÏÆôϵĻ°¡£¶øÔÚÃÀ¹ú£¬Ã»Ê²Ã´¾ÙÊÖ£¬ÄãÓеÄʱºòÐèÒªÒ»¸öÊÖÊÆ(̧ÏÂÊÖ)»òÕßÒ»¸öÉùÒô(Ummm,Yeah, WellÖ®ÀàµÄ)°Ñ±ðÈ˵Ä×¢ÒâÁ¦ÎüÒý¹ýÀ´¼´¿É¿ª½²¡£
Ò»¶Ñͬѧ֮¼äÒª½²N¸ö»ØºÏÀÏʦ²Å˵»°¡£Õâ¸öʱºò£¬Èç¹ûÄã¼ÓÈëµ½Ò»¸ö¶Ô»°£¬¾Í·Ç³£ÐèÒª³ÐÉÏÆôÏ£¬ÐèÒªºÍ±ðÈË»¥¶¯£¬ÐèÒª×ܽá±ðÈ˵Ļ°£¬ÐèÒªÃ÷È·µÄ±í´ï×Ô¼ºµÄ»°ºÍÇ°ÃæÒ»¸ö»òÕß¼¸¸öÈ˵Ļ°Ö®¼äÊÇʲôÂß¼¹Øϵ¡£ÕâÖÖÂß¼¹Øϵ¿ÉÒÔÊÇ£º²¹³ä£¬·´¶Ô£¬Ö§³Ö£¬ÌáÎÊÒªÇó³ÎÇ壬Ëû˵µÄÀíÂÛÎÒ¾Ù¸öÀý×Ó£¬Ëû˵¸öÏÖÏóÎÒÉý»ª³éÏó³É¹æÂɺÍÀíÂÛ£¬ÎÒÒªÐÂÆð¸öͷ˵ÏÂÒ»»°Ì⣬µÈµÈ¸÷ÖÖ¡£(¸Õ¸ÕÓиö¶ÁÕßÔÚÏÂÃæÁôÑÔ˵£º"Õâ²»¾ÍÊǹúÄÚÀÏʦ×îÔ÷ºÞµÄ'½Ó»°Í·'Âð?" ¶Ôѽ!ÃÀ¹úÀÏʦ¿Éϲ»¶Õâ¸öÀ²¡£ËûÃÇÑÛÀïÕâÊDZ¦ÄØ¡£)
ÕâÖֲ岻ÉÏ»°µÄÇé¿öÒ²²»½ö½öÔÚ¸ÕÀ´ÃÀ¹úµÄÖйúѧÉúÖгöÏÖ£¬À´ÃÀNÄ껹ÊDz岻ÉÏ»°µÄÒ²´óÓÐÈËÔÚ¡£×òÌìÎÒÔÚ×öÒ»ÃÅ¿´µÄÖú½Ì£¬ÕâÃÅ¿ÎÊÇ˹̹¸£Ñо¿Éú¡¢²©Ê¿Éú¡¢²©Ê¿ºó¶¼¿ÉÒÔÑ¡µÄÒ»ÃſΡ£ÁíÍâµÄÒ»¸öÖú½ÌºÍÎÒ˵£¬ËûÃÇ×éÓÐÒ»¸öÖйúÃÃ×Ó£¬Ã¿´ÎÌÖÂ۵ķ¢ÑÔʱ¼ä¶¼ºÜ¶Ì£¬²»¹ýºÜÉϽø£¬¾³£ÕÒËûÒªfeedbackºÍ½¨Òé¡£µ«ÊÇÓÉÓÚËýÒ»¹²Ò²Ã»Ëµ¼¸¾ä»°£¬Õâ¸öÖú½Ì¸ø²»³öʲôfeedbackºÜÊÇÍ·ÌÛ¡£
ÓÚÊÇÕâ¸öÃÀ¹ú¸çÃÇÅܹýÀ´°ÝÍÐÎÒÕÒʱ¼äºÍÕâ¸öÃÃ×Ó¹µÍ¨¹µÍ¨£¬°ïËû½âΧ¡£ÎÒÒÔΪÃÃ×ÓÒ²ÊǸÕÀ´ÃÀ¹ú£¬½á¹ûÈ˼ÒPhDÄîÁËÍêÁ˶¼Òª±ÏÒµÁË¡£µ«ÊÇÓÉÓÚѧµÄÊÇÀí¹¤¿ÆµÄרҵ£¬¿ÎÌÃÌÖÂÛµÄʱ¼äÉÙ£¬ÏµÀïºÜ¶àÖйúÈ˾³£ÔÚÒ»Æ𣬶øÇÒËûÃÇѧ¿ÆÌÖÂÛµÄʱºò¿ÉÒÔдһЩ¹«Ê½Í¼±í°ïÖú±í´ï£¬ÈçºÎÌÖÂÛ»¹ÊǺܲ»¶®¡£ÎÒͻȻÐÑÎò£¬¹Ô¹ÔµÄ£¬ÕâÖÖ¶«Î÷ÕæÊǶãµÃ¹ý³õÒ»¶ã²»¹ýÊ®Î壬¼´Ê¹ÄãÔÚѧУÔÚÄãÃÇʵÑéÊÒ5Ä궼²»ÓÃÁ·ÃÀ¹úµÄ˵»°Êõ£¬µÈµ½±ÏÒµÁË£¬ÔÚ¹«Ë¾ÀïÄãÔõô˵·þ±ðÈË£¬ÔõôÈÃÄãµÄÀÏ°å¸øÄã¸ü¶à¶ÍÁ¶µÄ»ú»á£¬ÄãÔõô¸øÄãµÄϼ¶Ìṩָµ¼£¬ÄãÔõôÐÉÌ̸Åнâ¾ö¹¤×÷ÉϵľÀ·×£¬ÔõôȡµÃÖ°ÒµÉϵķ¢Õ¹¡£
ÓÚÊÇ£¬ÎÒÕÒÕâ¸öÃÃ×ÓÒ»Æð³ÔÍí·¹¡£ÎÒ˵£¬·¢ÏÖÁËÕâÒ»ÎÊÌâÖ®ºóÎÒµ±Ê±ÊÇÔõô×öµÄ¡£·¢ÏÖÕâЩ¾ä×ÓGoogle¶¼Google²»µ½¡£ÎÒÖ»ÄÜ¿ªÊ¼ÁôÒâ±ðÈ˶¼ÊÇÔõô˵µÄ¡£ÆäËûÈËÔÚÉϿεÄʱºò±Ê¼Ç¼ÇµÃ¶¼Êǽ²µÄÀíÂÛºÍѧ¿ÆµÄ֪ʶ£¬ÎҼǵÄÊÇÈ˼ÒÔõô½²»°£¬Ôõô¿ªÊ¼£¬Ôõô·´²µ£¬ÔõôÌáÎʵȵȡ£»¨ÁËÒ»¶Îʱ¼ä£¬ËãÊǼ¯ÆëÁËÒªÓõĻ°¡£ºÍ´ó¼Ò·ÖÏíÏ¡£¶ÔÁË£¬ÕâЩ½Ðconversational gambits.¹À¼ÆÒ²ÓÐЩÊ飬½²Õâ¸öµÄ¡£
±í´ï×Ô¼ºÒâ¼û£º
I think that… *×î¼òµ¥µÄ
It seems to me that… *¿ÉÒÔÓÃ×÷±í´ïÒâ¼û£¬»òÕßsummarize»òÕßconfirm¶Ô·½ËµµÄ»°¡£
I would argue that…*ÕâÀïÃæÓÃwouldÀ´Èõ»¯ÓïÆø¡£
Just to go along with what you said… *¸Ðл¶ÁÕßÏ·½ÁôÑÔÌáÐÑÎÒÕâ¾ä»°£¬ÕæµÄºÜºÃÓ㬳ÐÉÏÆôÏ¡£Õâ¾ä»°»¹ºÃÔÚ£¬ËüʹÄãÏÖÔڲ廰¿´ÉÏÈ¥legitimate,ÒòΪÄãÊÇΪÁ˺ÍÇ°ÃæµÄÄǸöÈËgo along°¡¡£²»¸Ï½ô½Ó»°£¬²»¾Íalong²»ÉÏÁËÂï¡£
Going back to what xxx said… * ͬÉÏ¡£²»¹ýÒ»°ãÊÇÄãÒѾ˵Á˼¸¾ä£¬´ËÊ£¬ÏëÒªrelate to someting ±ðÈ˸ոÕÌáµ½¹ý»òÕßòßòѵãˮ˵µÀµÄ¶«Î÷¡£Õâ¾ä»°µÄºÃ´¦¾ÍÊÇ£¬Ò»ÄÜbring others on board˵¿´ÎÒµÄ˵·¨ºÍÄãÊÇÓÐÒ»ÖÂÖ®´¦µÄ£¬ ¶þÄܱíÏÖËû¸Õ²Å˵µÄ¶«Î÷Ä㻹ÓÐÓ¡Ïó¡£
ͬÒâ»òÕß·´¶Ô£º
I agree with you. *×î¼òµ¥µÄ
Building on what XX has just said, …
I am with you…£¬ but [main point]. * ÕâÀïI am with you²»Ò»¶¨±íʾͬÒâÒ²²»Ò»¶¨±íʾ·´¶Ô£¬ËüÖ÷ÒªµÄÒâ˼ÊÇ˵"Äã˵µÄÎÒÌý¶®ÁË/ÎÒ¸úÉÏÄã˵µÄÁË¡£"
I follow your logic, but have you thought about/considered this… [main point]…? *ºÍÉÏÃæÒ»¾ä»°µÄÂß¼ÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ£º"Äã˵µÄÎÒÃ÷°×ÁË£¬µ«ÊÇ…"
I see what you are saying, but I'm not sure I would argue that… *ºÍÉÏÃæÁ½¾ä»°µÄÂß¼Ò»Ñù¡£
With all due respect, I think…
Ç«ÐéµÄ·´¶Ô£º
Correct me if I'm wrong, but isn't [a different topic]…?
I'm not an expert on…£¬ it seems to me that…
I might be wrong, but …
I suspect that I lack some [background] information about this aspect, but here is my two cents.
I am not sure about this…£¬ you might want to check with Professor X… Would you mind letting me know what he/she says?
[±ðÈË˵ÁËÒ»¶ÑÖ®ºó] This is one way to look at it. Another way to look at it might be…
ÒÉ»ó×·ÎÊ£º
Just to clarify,…
May I ask a follow-up question?
Could you say more (about it)? *²»È·¶¨×Ô¼ºÊDz»ÊÇÌý¶®ÁË£¬Çë±ðÈ˶à½âÊÍһЩ¡£
Could you elaborate on this?
»áÒ鱨¸æ¡¢Ñݽ²Ö®ºóÌáÎÊ£º
That's an amazing model/useful concept, but it occurred to me that [this/something] might also play a role…Have you considered …?
Thanks for your talk. I completely agree with your conclusion, but as I'm sure you're aware, Dr. XX explains this in a different way, and I was wondering if you could address her theory. * "but as I'm sure you're aware"ÍêÈ«ÊǸø¶Ô·½Ò»¸ǫ̈½×Ï£¬¿ÉÄÜÄǸöÀíÂÛËû¸ù±¾Ã»Óп