编辑：
2015-10-15
语态变换法
这里所说的语态是指主动语态和被动语态，这两种语态在英汉两种语言中的使用情况是很不相同的，被动语态的使用是科技文章的主要特点之一，其用法 十分广泛。在汉语中，我们可用“被、让、把、遭、换、使、由、受到，为……所”等词来表示被动。但在汉语中的被动语态使用频率比英文要低得多。因此，在遇 到被动语态时，应遵循汉语的习惯，如译成被动语态不通，则译成主动语态。
1、保留其被动语
Goodyear, an American, had been trying for years to find a way in which rubber could be made hard, non-sticky, and yet elastic.
2、将被动改为主动
① 翻译成汉语的无主语，如果被动句不含by的话。
If bad weather is expected, the forecaster must be able to suggest another airport within the range of the aircraft where the weather will be suitable for landing.
②将that引导的主语从句仍然译为宾语，但要加上表泛指的词语(如人们、大家、我们等)做主语。如：
It is hoped that…
It is reported that…
It is said that…
It is supposed that…
It must be admitted that…
It must be pointed out that…
It is asserted that…
It is believed that…
It is well known that…
It will be said that…
It will be seen from this that…
It was told that…
I was told that…
It may be said…
It may be argued that…
注意：如果被动结构既有过去分词又有by(或in,for)引导的介词短语，这时将动作的发出者译成主语。如：It is imagined by many that…
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标签：英语
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