二、对原句进行同义词替换

对原文句子中个别词汇进行同义词替换，从而制造出同义答案，这是考研阅读选项设置的常见手法。大家需要在做题的过程中不断积累同意替换词。

Genetically speaking, there are advantages to avoiding substantial height. During childbirth, larger babies have more difficulty passing through the birth canal. Moreover, even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. “There are some real constraints that are set by the genetic architecture of the individual organism,” says anthropologist William Leonard of Northwestern University.

33. On which of the following statements would the author most probably agree?

[A] Non-Americans add to the average height of the nation.

[B] Human height is conditioned by the upright posture.

[C] Americans are the tallest on average in the world.

[D] Larger babies tend to become taller in adulthood.

【解析】这个题目需要对选项进行排除。文中第三句说：even though humans have been upright for millions of years, our feet and back continue to struggle with bipedal posture and cannot easily withstand repeated strain imposed by oversize limbs. 尽管人类已经直立行走了很多年，我们的脚和背都在承受的直立行走的压力，不能够承受大型的肢体所带来的持续压力。由此可以推断出，人类身高收到直立行走的限制，选项[B]中conditioned是对原文struggle with的同义转述。